UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark one)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017

or

For the transition period from _____________ to _____________

Commission File Number 333-192989

MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTION BILLING, CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(732) 873-5133

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [X]

At May 8, 2017, the registrant had 10,487,677 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding.

INDEX

Forward Looking Statements

Certain statements that we make from time to time, including statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q constitute “forward looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements. These statements, among other things, relate to our business strategy, goals and expectations concerning our products, future operations, prospects, plans and objectives of management. The words “anticipate”, “believe”, “could”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “may”, “plan”, “predict”, “project”, “will” and similar terms and phrases are used to identify forward-looking statements in this presentation. Our operations involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside our control, and any one of which, or a combination of which, could materially affect our results of operations and whether the forward-looking statements ultimately prove to be correct. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, without limitation, statements reflecting management’s expectations for future financial performance and operating expenditures (including our ability to continue as a going concern, to raise additional capital and to succeed in our future operations), expected growth, profitability and business outlook, increased sales and marketing expenses, and the expected results from the integration of our acquisitions.

Forward-looking statements are only current predictions and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from those anticipated by such statements. These factors include, among other things, the unknown risks and uncertainties that we believe could cause actual results to differ from these forward looking statements as set forth under the heading, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2017. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of the risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements, including without limitation, risks and uncertainties relating to:

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by law, we are under no duty to update or revise any of such forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances may be materially different from what we expect.

All references to “MTBC,” “Medical Transcription Billing, Corp.,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” mean Medical Transcription Billing, Corp. and its subsidiaries, except where it is made clear that the term means only the parent company.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

(a) No tax effect has been recorded as the Company recorded a valuation allowance against the tax benefit from its foreign currency translation adjustments.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTION BILLING, CORP.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AS OF AND FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2017 AND 2016 (UNAUDITED)

1. Organization and Business

Medical Transcription Billing, Corp. (and together with its subsidiaries “MTBC” or the “Company”) is a healthcare information technology company that offers an integrated suite of proprietary cloud-based electronic health records and practice management solutions, together with related business services, to healthcare providers. The Company’s integrated services are designed to help customers increase revenues, streamline workflows and make better business and clinical decisions, while reducing administrative burdens and operating costs. The Company’s services include full-scale revenue cycle management, electronic health records, and other technology-driven practice management services for private and hospital-employed healthcare providers. MTBC has its corporate offices in Somerset, New Jersey and maintains account management teams in various US offices and operates facilities in Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

MTBC was founded in 1999 and incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in 2001. In 2004, MTBC formed MTBC Private Limited (or “MTBC Pvt. Ltd.”) a 99.9% majority-owned subsidiary of MTBC based in Pakistan. The remaining 0.01% of the shares of MTBC Pvt. Ltd. is owned by the founder and Chief Executive Officer of MTBC. MTBC formed MTBC-Europe Sp. z.o.o. (or “MTBC-Europe”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of MTBC based in Poland in 2015. In 2016, MTBC formed MTBC Acquisition Corp. (“MAC”), a Delaware corporation, in connection with its acquisition of substantially all the assets of MediGain, LLC and its subsidiary, Millennium Practice Management Associates, LLC (together “MediGain), which assets included the stock of MediGain subsidiaries in India and Sri Lanka. In conjunction with its continued growth of its offshore operations in Pakistan and Sri Lanka, in April 2017, MTBC began the winding down of its operations in India and Poland.

2. Liquidity

The Company previously adopted FASB Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern, which requires that management evaluate whether there are relevant conditions and events that, in the aggregate, raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued.

As part of the evaluation, management considered that as of March 31, 2017, the Company had approximately $1.2 million of cash, and had fully utilized its line of credit with Opus Bank (“Opus”). Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $867,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. At March 31, 2017, the Company had a working capital deficit of approximately $9.6 million. The loss before income taxes was $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, of which $1.5 million represents non-cash depreciation and amortization expenses.

On March 31, 2017 the Company owed $5 million out of the total purchase price of $7 million for the MediGain acquisition. On March 29, 2017 the Company received a letter from Prudential Insurance Company of America and Prudential Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company (together “Prudential”) that demanded immediate payment of $3 million of the outstanding consideration, together with accrued interest, and expressing Prudential’s intention to collect on said amounts. The balance of $2 million is due on May 15, 2017 upon which date this amount will also be due and owing since we have not yet obtained necessary financing to support the payment of our financial obligations to Prudential. The Company is currently negotiating a mutually agreeable payment plan which will ultimately be subject to the approval of our senior secured lender.

The Company’s available cash will not be sufficient to meet its current and anticipated cash requirements without additional financing. Accordingly, these factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management has taken various steps to mitigate this condition as detailed below. Management embarked on extensive expense reductions following the acquisition of MediGain in October, 2016. The cost cutting included closing certain domestic and foreign facilities, eliminating the reliance on subcontractors, and the reduction of non-essential personnel, where work could be performed by offshore employees more cost-effectively. While management expects that this will reduce operating losses, there can be no assurance that the Company will generate positive income before taxes, excluding non-cash expenses in the near future.

The Company has a credit facility with Opus established in the third quarter of 2015, which provides additional liquidity. The credit facility includes term loans, plus a line of credit that have a combined borrowing limit of $10 million, net of contractual repayments, all of which were fully utilized as of March 31, 2017. The line of credit expires September 1, 2018 and the term loans expire September 1, 2019. The Company relies on the term loans and line of credit for working capital purposes. (See Note 8). The Company has recently revised its covenants with Opus to more favorable terms, and while compliance remains a challenge, the changes improve the likelihood that it will stay in compliance.

The Company believes that it will be necessary to raise additional funding, which might be in the form of sale of additional shares of its Series A Preferred Stock, its common stock, or some other instrument. The Company may in the future seek additional capital from public or private offerings of its capital stock or it may elect to borrow additional amounts under new credit lines or from other sources. If the Company issues equity or debt securities to raise additional funds, its existing stockholders may experience dilution, it may incur significant financing costs, and the new equity or debt securities may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of its existing stockholders. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to raise additional capital, of which there can be no assurance. If the Company cannot generate sufficient cash flow from its operation or secure additional financing on acceptable terms, our ability to continue to support the operation or growth of our business could be significantly impaired and our operating results may be harmed.

The condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have been prepared on a basis that assumes that the Company will continue as a going concern, and do not include any adjustments that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty. This basis of accounting contemplates the satisfaction of the Company’s liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business and does not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects of the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

3. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and as required by Regulation S-X, Rule 10-01. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of items of a normal and recurring nature) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2017, the results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. When preparing financial statements in conformity with GAAP, the Company must make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016 was derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2017.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements — From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and are adopted by us as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, we believe that the impact of recently adopted and recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which is authoritative guidance that implements a common revenue model that will enhance comparability across industries and requires enhanced disclosures. The new revenue recognition standard eliminates the transaction and industry-specific revenue recognition guidance under the current rules and replaces it with a principles-based approach for determining revenue recognition. The new standard introduces a five-step principles-based process to determine the timing and amount of revenue ultimately expected to be received from the customer and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP. The core principle of the revenue recognition standard is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. Several amendments have been issued by the FASB since the original ASU was issued.

This amendment will be effective for the Company’s interim and annual consolidated financial statements for fiscal year 2018. The guidance permits two methods of adoption: retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (full retrospective method), or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of initial application (the cumulative catch-up transition method). Although early adoption is permitted, the Company has elected not to early-adopt the new standard. We currently anticipate adopting the standard using the modified retrospective method. We are in the initial stages of our evaluation of the impact of the new standard on our accounting policies, processes, and system requirements. We have assigned internal resources to assist in the evaluation. Implementation efforts, to date, have included training on the new standard and preparing initial gap assessments on the Company’s significant revenue streams.

While we continue to assess the potential impacts of the new standard, including the areas described above, we do not know or cannot reasonably estimate quantitative information related to the impact of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements at this time. However, as the implementation efforts progress through 2017, the Company will continue to provide updated disclosures within its periodic filings on Form 10-Q.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The new standard will require organizations that lease assets — referred to as “lessees” — to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Under the new guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. Consistent with current GAAP, the recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily will depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. However, unlike current GAAP — which requires only capital leases to be recognized on the balance sheet — the new ASU will require both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. The amendments in this ASU are effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 with earlier adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01 Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business. The ASU clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist companies and other reporting organizations with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or business. The amendments in this ASU provide a more robust framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities is a business. The amendments provide more consistency in applying the guidance, reduce the costs of application, and make the definition of a business more operable. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard.

Also in January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment. The ASU modifies the accounting for goodwill impairment with the objective of simplifying the process of determining impairment levels. Specifically, the amendments in the ASU eliminate a step in the goodwill impairment test which requires companies to develop a hypothetical purchase price allocation when analyzing goodwill impairment. This eliminates the need for companies to estimate the fair value of individual existing assets and liabilities within a reporting unit. Instead, goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s total carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. All other aspects of the goodwill impairment test process have remained the same. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning in the year 2020, with early adoption permitted for any impairment tests after January 1, 2017. The Company has elected to early adopt ASU 2017-04. There was no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements as a result.

4. ACQUISITIONS

2016 Acquisitions

On February 15, 2016 (the “GCB Closing Date”), the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (“APA”) with GCB, pursuant to which the Company purchased substantially all of the assets of GCB. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination. The aggregate final purchase price for GCB was $1,480,000 which consisted of cash of $1,250,000 and contingent consideration of $230,000.

On May 2, 2016 (the “RMB Closing Date”), the Company entered into an APA with RMB, pursuant to which the Company purchased substantially all of the assets of RMB. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination. In accordance with the RMB APA, the Company paid $175,000 in initial cash consideration (“RMB Initial Payment”), on the RMB Closing Date. In addition, the Company will pay RMB twenty-seven percent (27%) of the revenue earned and received from the acquired RMB accounts for three years, less the RMB Initial Payment which will be deducted in full from the required payments (the “RMB Installment Payments”) before any additional payment is made to the seller. The aggregate purchase price for RMB was $325,000 which consisted of cash of $175,000 and contingent consideration of $150,000. Through March 31, 2017, collected revenues have not reached a threshold to require an RMB Installment Payment.

Effective July 1, 2016 (the “WFS Closing Date”), the Company entered into an APA with WFS, pursuant to which the Company purchased substantially all of the assets of WFS. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination. In accordance with the WFS APA, the Company did not pay any initial cash consideration on the WFS Closing Date but will make monthly payments of $5,000 for three years beginning July, 2016 subject to proportionate adjustment if annualized revenues decrease below a threshold specified in the APA. In addition, each quarter the Company will pay WFS fifty percent (50%) of Adjusted EBITDA, as defined in the WFS APA, generated from the WFS customer accounts acquired for three years. The aggregate purchase price of WFS was determined to be $298,000, which was recorded as contingent consideration. Since the acquisition and through March 31, 2017, $45,000 of contingent consideration payments have been made.

On October 3, 2016, MAC (a wholly-owned subsidiary of MTBC) acquired substantially all of the assets of MediGain. Since MediGain was in default of its obligations to Prudential prior to the acquisition, MAC purchased 100% of MediGain’s senior secured debt from Prudential.

The debt was collateralized by substantially all of MediGain’s assets, so immediately after purchasing the debt, MAC entered into a strict foreclosure agreement with MediGain transferring substantially all the assets (including accounts receivable, fixed assets, client relationships, and MediGain’s wholly-owned subsidiaries in India and Sri Lanka) to MAC in satisfaction of the outstanding obligations under the senior secured notes. The aggregate purchase price was $7 million which consists of $2 million in cash paid at closing and $5 million remaining to be paid.

MediGain, GCB, RMB and WFS are collectively referred to as the “2016 Acquisitions.” Revenue earned from the 2016 Acquisitions was approximately $4.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017. Revenues earned from GCB were approximately $376,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

For one revenue cycle management company purchased in 2014, there are 248,625 shares held in escrow which is part of the contingent consideration. Although the earnout period ended in 2015, the shares will not be released until the parties agree to the number of shares earned based on conditions contained in the purchase agreement. Note 15 includes the details of the Company’s contingent consideration liability.

Pro forma financial information (Unaudited)

The unaudited pro forma information below represents condensed consolidated results of operations as if the 2016 Acquisitions occurred on January 1, 2016. The pro forma information has been included for comparative purposes and is not indicative of results of operations of the Company would have had if the acquisitions occurred on the above date, nor is it necessarily indicative of future results. Pro forma information for the three months ended March 31, 2017 is not presented as there were no acquisitions during those three months.

5. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS-NET

Goodwill consists of the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets of businesses acquired. There were no additions to goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Intangible assets include customer contracts and relationships and covenants not-to-compete acquired in connection with acquisitions, as well as software purchase and development costs and trademarks acquired. Amortization expense was approximately $1.4 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The weighted-average amortization period is three years.

As of March 31, 2017, future amortization expense scheduled to be expensed is as follows:

6. Concentrations

Financial Risks — As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company held Pakistani rupees of 5.9 million (US $56,000) and Pakistani rupees of approximately 1.8 million, (US $17,000) respectively, in the name of its subsidiary at banks in Pakistan. The banking system in Pakistan does not provide deposit insurance coverage. Funds are also held at banks in Poland, India and Sri Lanka, however, those amounts were not significant as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Additionally, from time to time, the Company maintains cash balances at financial institutions in the United States in excess of federal insurance limits. The Company has not experienced any losses on such accounts.

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable are managed by periodic credit evaluations of customers. The Company does not require collateral for outstanding trade accounts receivable. No one customer accounts for a significant portion of the Company’s trade accounts receivable portfolio and write-offs have not been significant. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, there was one customer with sales of approximately 9% of the total revenue. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, there were no customers with sales of 5% or more of the total.

Geographical Risks — The Company’s offices in Islamabad and Bagh, Pakistan, Chennai, India and Colombo, Sri Lanka conduct significant back-office operations for the Company. The Company has no revenue earned outside of the United States. The office in Bagh is located in a different territory of Pakistan from the Islamabad office. The Bagh office was opened in 2009 for the purpose of providing operational support and operating as a backup to the Islamabad office. The Company’s operations in Pakistan are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in the United States. The Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic, and legal environment in Pakistan and by the general state of Pakistan’s economy. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by, among other things, changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, changes in Pakistan’s telecommunications industry, regulatory rules and policies, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation.

The carrying amounts of net assets located in Pakistan were $572,000 and $687,000 as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. These balances exclude intercompany receivables of $5.6 million and $5.2 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The following is a summary of the net assets located in Pakistan as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

The net assets located in Poland, India and Sri Lanka were not significant at March 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016.

7. NET LOss per COMMON share

The following table reconciles the weighted-average shares outstanding for basic and diluted net loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:

The unvested restricted share units (“RSUs”) have been excluded from the above calculation as they were anti-dilutive. Vested RSUs and vested restricted shares have been included in the above calculations.

The net loss per share-diluted also excludes 248,625 of contingently issued shares at March 31, 2017 and 2016, and the 200,000 warrants granted to Opus, as the effect would be anti-dilutive.

8. Debt

Opus Bank — On September 2, 2015, the Company entered into a credit agreement with Opus. Opus committed to extend a credit facility totaling $10 million to the Company, inclusive of the following: (1) a $4 million term loan; (2) a $2 million revolving line of credit; and (3) an additional $4 million of term loans that were issued subsequently.

The Company’s obligations to Opus are secured by substantially all of the Company’s domestic assets and 65% of the shares in its Pakistan subsidiary.

The interest rate on all Opus loans was initially equal to the higher of (a) the prime rate plus 1.75% and (b) 5.0%. The commitment fee on the unused revolving line of credit is 0.5% per annum. As a result of an amendment made to the Opus credit agreement in March, 2017, on June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2017, the interest rate on the Opus debt increases in steps by a total of 3.5% from prime plus 1.75% as of March 31, 2017 to prime plus 5.25% on January 1, 2018. The term loans mature on September 1, 2019 and the revolving line of credit will terminate on September 1, 2018, unless extended. Beginning October 1, 2016 the term loans require total monthly principal payments of approximately $222,000 per month through the end of the loan period. As of March 31, 2017, the $8 million term loans and the $2 million line of credit have been fully utilized and the required principal payments were made.

In connection with the Opus debt, the Company paid $100,000 of fees and issued warrants for Opus to purchase 100,000 shares of its common stock. The warrants have a strike price equal to $5.00 per share, a seven year exercise window, piggyback registration and net exercise rights.

The Opus credit agreement contains various covenants and conditions governing the long term debt and the revolving line of credit. During July 2016, the Opus credit agreement was modified. In exchange for the modification, the Company paid a fee of $25,000 to Opus and issued additional warrants for Opus to purchase an additional 100,000 shares of its common stock at a strike price equal to $5.00 per share, with similar terms to the previous warrants issued. The additional warrants were valued at approximately $52,000 and have been accounted for similarly to the previous warrants.

During March 2017, the Company amended its agreement with Opus Bank whereby the asset coverage ratio covenant was removed and replaced with a requirement to maintain a month-end cash balance of at least $1 million. There is also a provision for a minimum balance during the month, as well as the ability to go below the minimum as long as the balance recovers in 5 days. The new covenants also contain minimum revenue and adjusted EBITDA requirements, as defined in the agreement. If the Company raises additional capital through a sale of equity, a portion of the net proceeds must be used to pay down the term loans. As of March 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance with all the covenants contained in the Opus credit agreement. During April 2017, the Company paid Opus $40,000 in connection with the March 2017 amendment.

Total debt issuance costs through March 31, 2017 were $627,000 and recorded as an offset to the face amount of the loan. Discounts from the face amount of the loan are amortized over 4 years using the effective interest rate method. As a result of the loan discounts, the effective interest rate on the borrowings from Opus as of March 31, 2017 is approximately 8.12%.

The long term debt at March 31, 2017 is recorded at its accredited value and consists of the following:

Prudential Deferred Purchase Price — As a result of the MediGain transaction, the Company has an unsecured obligation for the remainder of the purchase price of $5 million, which is due during 2017. On March 29, 2017 the Company received a letter from Prudential that demanded immediate payment of the $3 million portion of the MediGain acquisition consideration that was due on that date, together with accrued interest at 18%, and expressing Prudential’s intention to collect on said amounts. The balance of $2 million is due on May 15, 2017 upon which date this amount will also be due and owing since we have not yet obtained necessary financing to support the payment of our financial obligations to Prudential. The Company is currently negotiating a mutually agreeable payment plan which will ultimately be subject to the approval of our senior secured lender.

Vehicle Financing Notes — The Company financed certain vehicle purchases both in the United States and in Pakistan. The vehicle financing notes have 3 to 6 year terms and were issued at current market rates.

Insurance Financing — The Company financed certain insurance purchases over the one-year term of the policy life. The interest rate charged is 6.5%.

Maturities of the outstanding notes payable, the term loans and other obligations as of March 31, 2017 are as follows:

9. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings — The Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims which have arisen in the ordinary course of business and have not been fully adjudicated. These actions, when ultimately concluded and determined, will not, in the opinion of management, have a material adverse effect upon the consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company.

Leases — The Company leases certain office space and other facilities under operating leases expiring through 2021. Certain of these leases contain renewal options.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases for office space as of March 31, 2017 are as follows:

Total rental expense, included in direct operating costs and general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations amounted to approximately $229,000 and $185,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Acquisitions — In connection with some of the Company’s Acquisitions, contingent consideration is payable in the form of common stock or cash with payment terms through 2019. If the performance measures are not achieved, the Company may pay less than the recorded amount, depending on the terms of the agreement and if the performance measures are exceeded, the Company may pay more than the recorded amount. If the price of the Company’s common stock increases, or if the performance measures exceed the Company’s estimate the Company may pay more than the recorded amount.

10. Related PARTIES

The Company had sales to a related party, a physician who is the wife of the CEO. Revenues from this customer were approximately $4,000 for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the receivable balance due from this customer was approximately $1,500 and $1,600, respectively.

The Company is a party to a nonexclusive aircraft dry lease agreement with Kashmir Air, Inc. (“KAI”), which is owned by the CEO. The Company recorded expense of $32,000 for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had a liability outstanding to KAI of approximately $17,000, which is included in accrued liability to related party in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company leases its corporate offices, temporary housing for its foreign visitors and a storage facility in New Jersey and its backup operations center in Bagh, Pakistan, from the CEO. The related party rent expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 were approximately $46,000 and $44,000, respectively, and is included in direct operating costs and general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Current assets-related party on the consolidated balance sheets includes security deposits related to the leases of the Company’s corporate offices in the amount of $13,000 as of both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

11. Employee Benefit PlanS

The Company has a qualified 401(k) plan covering all U.S. employees who have completed three months of service. The plan provides for matching contributions by the Company equal to 100% of the first 3% of the qualified compensation, plus 50% of the next 2%. Employer contributions to the plan for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 were approximately $21,000 and $25,000, respectively.

Additionally, the Company has a defined contribution retirement plan covering all employees located in Pakistan who have completed 90 days of service. The plan provides for monthly contributions by the Company which are the lower of 10% of qualified employees’ basic monthly compensation or 750 Pakistani rupees. The Company’s contributions for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 were approximately $29,000 and $31,000, respectively.

The Company maintains a defined contribution retirement plan covering all employees in Sri Lanka and India. The Company’s contribution for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was approximately $24,000.

12. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

In April 2014, the Company adopted the Medical Transcription Billing, Corp. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”), reserving a total of 1,351,000 shares of common stock for grants to employees, officers, directors and consultants. As of March 31, 2017, 257,571 shares are available for grant. During April 2017, the 2014 Plan was amended whereby an additional 1,500,000 shares of common stock and 100,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were added to the plan for future issuance. The name of the 2014 Plan was changed to the Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”). Permissible awards include incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance stock and cash-settled awards and other stock-based awards in the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors including unrestricted stock grants.

The RSUs contain a provision in which the units shall immediately vest and become converted into the right to receive a cash payment payable on the original vesting date after a change in control as defined in the award agreement.

During November 2016, 120,000 restricted shares were granted to the four outside members of the Board of Directors which vested on January 3, 2017.

In November 2016, the Compensation Committee granted cash bonuses to three executives for the successful MediGain acquisition to be paid upon the closing of additional funding, which did not occur. In January 2017, the Board recommended that these bonuses be paid in shares of Series A Preferred Stock, subject to shareholder approval. The value of these incentives is included in accrued compensation as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. In April, shareholder approval was obtained for 33,000 shares and Series A Preferred Stock was issued.

The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the total requisite service period for the entire award. For stock awards classified as equity, the market price of our common or preferred stock on the date of grant is used in recording the fair value of the award. For stock awards classified as a liability, the earned amount is marked to market based on the end of period common stock price. The following table summarizes the components of share-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:

The following table summarizes the RSU and restricted stock transactions related to the common stock under the Incentive Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2017:

Of the total outstanding and unvested at March 31, 2017, 158,331 RSUs and restricted stock awards are classified as equity and 84,895 RSUs are classified as a liability.

The liability for the cash-settled awards was approximately $26,000 and $31,000 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, and is included in accrued compensation in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

13. INCOME TAXES

The tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $60,000 and $43,000, respectively. The current portion of the tax provision of $6,000 for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively represents state minimum taxes and taxes attributable to Pakistan, net of the holiday tax benefit. The deferred tax provision for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 of $54,000 and $37,000, respectively relates to the amortization of goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized for financial reporting purposes; however, it is deductible and therefore amortized over 15 years for tax purposes. As such, deferred income tax expense and a deferred tax liability arise as a result of the tax deductibility of this indefinitely-lived asset. The resulting deferred tax liability, which is expected to continue to increase over the amortization period, will have an indefinite life. This deferred tax liability could remain on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet indefinitely unless there is an impairment of goodwill (for financial reporting purposes) or a portion of the business is sold.

Although the Company is forecasting a return to profitability, it incurred cumulative losses which make realization of a deferred tax asset difficult to support in accordance with ASC 740. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been recorded against all Federal and state deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Some of the Federal NOL carry forward is currently subject to certain utilization limitations under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The Company’s plan to repatriate earnings in Pakistan to the United States requires that U.S. federal taxes be provided on the Company’s earnings in Pakistan. For state tax purposes, the Company’s Pakistan earnings generally are not taxed due to a subtraction modification available in most states.

14. RESTRUCTURING CHARGES

During March 2017, the Company decided to close its operations in Poland and India. In connection with the closing of these subsidiaries, the Company has expensed approximately $276,000 of restructuring charges representing primarily employee severance costs, remaining lease and termination fees, disposal of property and equipment and professional fees. The remaining amounts to be paid of approximately $174,000 is included in accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2017. The Company anticipates that it will take approximately six months to wind down the operations of these two subsidiaries, including transferring the shares of the Sri Lankan subsidiary from the Indian subsidiary to MAC.

15. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the carrying amounts of receivables, accounts payable, accrued and expenses and the amount due Prudential approximated their estimated fair values because of the short term nature of these financial instruments.

Fair value measurements-Level 2

Our notes payable are carried at cost and approximate fair value since the interest rates being charged approximate market rates. The fair value of our term loans at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is approximately $6.7 and $7.3 million, respectively. The Company’s outstanding borrowings under the line of credit with Opus had a carrying value of $2 million as of both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The fair value of the outstanding borrowings under the term loans and line of credit with Opus approximated the carrying value at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, as these borrowings bear interest based on prevailing variable market rates currently available. As a result, the Company categorizes these borrowings as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Contingent Consideration

The Company’s contingent consideration of approximately $895,000 and $930,000 as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, are Level 3 liabilities. The fair value of the contingent consideration at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was primarily driven by changes in revenue estimates related to the acquisitions during 2015 and 2016, the price of the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market, the passage of time and the associated discount rate. Due to the number of factors used to determine contingent consideration, it is not possible to determine a range of outcomes.

As stated in Note 4, the Company historically estimated the number of shares anticipated to be earned as a result of the 2014 Acquisitions. The remaining shares of one of the sellers related to the 2014 Acquisitions has been included in the contingent consideration liability as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 since a formal settlement agreement has not yet been reached. If, at the time of settlement, the Company’s stock price exceeds the price on March 31, 2017, the actual consideration could exceed the estimated contingent consideration. Contingent consideration related to the 2016 and 2015 Acquisitions was based on the Company’s estimate of revenues to be achieved during the terms of the respective agreements. Subsequent adjustments to the fair value of the contingent consideration liability will continue to be recorded in the Company’s results of operations until all contingencies are settled.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the contingent consideration measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a discussion of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 and other factors that are expected to affect our prospective financial condition. The following discussion and analysis should be read together with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes beginning on page 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Some of the statements set forth in this section are forward-looking statements relating to our future results of operations. Our actual results may vary from the results anticipated by these statements. Please see “Forward-Looking Statements” on page 2 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

MTBC is a healthcare information technology company that provides a fully integrated suite of proprietary web-based solutions, together with related business services, to healthcare providers. Our integrated Software-as-a-Service (or SaaS) platform is designed to help our customers increase revenues, streamline workflows and make better business and clinical decisions, while reducing administrative burdens and operating costs. We employ a highly educated workforce of more than 1,700 people in Pakistan and Sri Lanka, where we believe labor costs are approximately one-half the cost of comparable India-based employees and one-tenth the cost of comparable U.S. employees, thus enabling us to deliver our solutions at competitive prices.

Our flagship offering, PracticePro, empowers healthcare practices with the core software and business services they need to address industry challenges on one unified SaaS platform. We deliver powerful, integrated and easy-to-use ‘big practice solutions’ to small and medium practices, which enable them to efficiently operate their businesses, manage clinical workflows and receive timely payment for their services. PracticePro consists of:

Adoption of our solutions requires little or no upfront expenditure by a provider. Additionally, our financial performance is linked directly to the financial performance of our clients because the vast majority of our revenues is based on a percentage of our clients’ collections. The standard fee for our complete, integrated, end-to-end solution is among the lowest in the industry.

As a result of the SoftCare acquisition, the Company has a clearinghouse service which allows clients to track claim status and includes services such as batch electronic claim and payment transaction clearing and web access for claim corrections. Also as a result of this acquisition, the Company has an EDI service which provides a centralized electronic data interchange management system to record, manage and control the exchange of information. As a result of the WFS acquisition, the Company has a printing and mailing operation.

Our growth strategy involves two approaches: acquiring smaller RCM companies and then migrating the customers of those companies to our solutions, as well as growing organically through referrals from industry partners and our clients. The RCM service industry is highly fragmented, with many local and regional RCM companies serving small medical practices. We believe that the industry is ripe for consolidation and that we can achieve significant growth through acquisitions. We further believe that it is becoming increasingly difficult for traditional RCM companies to meet the growing technology and business service needs of healthcare providers without a significant investment in information technology infrastructure.

We believe we will also be able to further accelerate organic growth by partnering with industry participants, utilizing them as channel partners to offer integrated solutions to their customers. We have entered into arrangements with industry participants from which we began to derive revenue starting in mid-2014, including emerging EHR providers and other healthcare vendors that lack a full suite of solutions. We have developed application interfaces with several EHR systems, as well as providers of paper-based clinical forms to create integrated offerings, together with device and lab integration.

Our Pakistan operations accounted for approximately 24% and 30% of total expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. A significant portion of those expenses were personnel-related costs (approximately 80% and 79% for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively). Because personnel-related costs are significantly lower in Pakistan than in the U.S. and many other offshore locations, we believe our Pakistan operations give us a competitive advantage over many industry participants. All of the medical billing companies that we have acquired use domestic labor or subcontractors from higher cost locations to provide all or a substantial portion of their services. We are able to achieve significant cost reductions as we shift these labor costs to Pakistan.

On October 3, 2016, MTBC Acquisition, Corp. (“MAC”), a newly formed, a wholly-owned subsidiary of MTBC, acquired substantially all the medical billing business and assets of MediGain, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, and its subsidiary Millennium Practice Management Associates, LLC, a New Jersey limited liability company (“Millennium”) (together “MediGain”). In connection with this acquisition, MTBC expects to generate at least $10 million of annual revenue from the customers acquired. Although there is no assurance that the customers will remain with MTBC, the Company expects that this acquisition will be accretive to earnings during 2017. During the fourth quarter of 2016 and the first quarter of 2017, we made significant progress at integrating the acquired operations with MTBC, but in the short term, we had a significant number of additional U.S.-based employees from MediGain. This cost, as well as costs from MediGain’s operations in India and its offshore subcontractors, impacted MTBC’s expenses during the fourth quarter of 2016 and the first quarter of 2017.

Key Performance Measures

We consider numerous factors in assessing our performance. Key performance measures used by management, including adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income and adjusted net income per share, are non-GAAP financial measures, which we believe better enable management and investors to analyze and compare the underlying business results from period to period.

These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP.”) Moreover, these non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in that they do not reflect all the items associated with the operations of our business as determined in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by analyzing current and future results on a GAAP basis as well as a non-GAAP basis, and we provide reconciliations from the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures to the non-GAAP financial measures. Our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures differently than we do, limiting the usefulness of those measures for comparative purposes.

Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income and adjusted net income per share provide an alternative view of performance used by management and we believe that an investor’s understanding of our performance is enhanced by disclosing these adjusted performance measures.

Adjusted EBITDA excludes the following elements which are included in GAAP net income (loss):

Set forth below is a presentation of our adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:

Adjusted net income and adjusted net income per share exclude the following elements which are included in GAAP Net Income (Loss):

No tax effect has been provided in computing non-GAAP adjusted net income and non-GAAP adjusted net income per share as the Company has sufficient carry forward losses to offset the applicable income taxes. The following table shows our reconciliation of GAAP net loss to non-GAAP adjusted net income for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:

For purposes of determining non-GAAP adjusted net income per share, the Company used the number of common shares outstanding at the end of March 31, 2017 and 2016, including the shares which were issued but have not been settled, and considered contingent consideration, in order to provide insight into results considering the total number of shares which were issued at the time of the acquisitions. Accordingly, the end-of-period diluted common shares include 248,625 of contingently issuable shares at March 31, 2017 and 2016. No tax effect has been provided in computing non-GAAP adjusted net income and non-GAAP adjusted net income per common share as the Company has sufficient carry forward losses to offset the applicable income taxes. The table below shows the composition of end-of-period common shares.

Key Metrics

In addition to the line items in our consolidated financial statements, we regularly review the following key metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends in our business, prepare financial projections, make strategic business decisions, and assess market share trends and working capital needs. We believe information on these metrics is useful for investors to understand the underlying trends in our business.

Set forth below are our key operating and financial metrics for RCM customers using our platform, which excludes acquired customers who have not migrated to our platform as well as customers of our clearinghouse, EDI and other services. Revenue from practices using our platform accounted for approximately 47% of our revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and approximately 79% of our revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

First Pass Acceptance Rate: We define first pass acceptance rate as the percentage of claims submitted electronically by us, through our platform, to insurers and clearinghouses that are accepted on the first submission and are not rejected for reasons such as insufficient information or improper coding. Our first-time acceptance rate was approximately 96% for the twelve months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, which compares favorably to the average of the top twelve payers of approximately 95%, as reported by the American Medical Association.

First Pass Resolution Rate: First pass resolution rate measures the percentage of primary claims that are favorably adjudicated and closed upon a single submission. Our first pass resolution rate was approximately 94% for the twelve months ended March 31, 2017 and approximately 93% for the twelve months ended March 31, 2016.

Days in Accounts Receivable: Days in accounts receivable measures the median number of days between the day a claim is submitted by us on behalf of our customer, and the date the claim is paid to our customer. Our clients’ median days in accounts receivable was approximately 33 days for primary care and 40 days for combined specialties for the twelve months ended March 31, 2017, and approximately 34 days for primary care and 39 days for combined specialties for the twelve months ended March 31, 2016, as compared to the national average of 36 and 40 days, respectively, as reported by the Medical Group Management Association in 2015.

Providers and Practices Served: As of March 31, 2017, we provided RCM and related services to approximately 2,700 providers (which we define as physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants and other clinical staff that render bills for their services), representing approximately 800 practices. In addition, we served approximately 240 clients who were not medical practices, but are service organizations who serve the healthcare community. As of March 31, 2016, we served approximately 2,000 providers representing approximately 800 practices.

Sources of Revenue

Revenue: We primarily derive our revenues from revenue cycle management services, typically billed as a percentage of payments collected by our customers. This fee includes RCM as well as the ability to use our electronic health records and practice management software as part of the bundled fee. These payments accounted for approximately 89% and 86% of our revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

As a result of the SoftCare acquisition, during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 we earned approximately 2% and 3%, respectively, of our revenue from clearinghouse and EDI clients. As a result of the WFS acquisition, during the three months ended March 31, 2017, we earned approximately 4% of our revenue from printing and mailing operations.

Operating Expenses

Direct Operating Costs. Direct operating cost consists primarily of salaries and benefits related to personnel who provide services to our customers, claims processing costs, and other direct costs related to our services. Costs associated with the implementation of new customers are expensed as incurred. The reported amounts of direct operating costs do not include depreciation and amortization, which are broken out separately in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Selling and Marketing Expense. Selling and marketing expense consists primarily of compensation and benefits, commissions, travel, advertising expenses.

Research and Development Expense. Research and development expense consists primarily of personnel-related costs and third-party contractor costs.

General and Administrative Expense. General and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel-related expense for administrative employees, including compensation, benefits, travel, occupancy and insurance, software license fees and outside professional fees.

Contingent Consideration. Contingent consideration represents the amount payable to the sellers of our acquisitions based on the achievement of defined performance measures contained in the purchase agreements. For the acquisitions in 2015 and 2016, the contingent consideration consists of amounts due in cash and for one of the sellers from our acquisitions in 2014, amounts due in the Company’s common stock. Contingent consideration is adjusted to fair value at the end of each reporting period.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense. Depreciation expense is charged using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of the assets ranging from three to five years. Amortization expense is charged on either an accelerated or on a straight-line basis over a period of three years for most intangible assets acquired in connection with acquisitions.

Interest and Other Income (Expense). Interest expense consists primarily of interest costs related to our working capital line of credit, term loans and amounts due in connection with acquisitions, offset by interest income. Our other income (expense) results primarily from foreign currency transaction gains (losses).

Income Tax. In preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements, we estimate income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and financial reporting purposes. These differences result in deferred income tax assets and liabilities. Although the Company is forecasting a return to profitability, it incurred cumulative losses which make realization of a deferred tax asset difficult to support in accordance with ASC 740. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been recorded against all deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

We prepare our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions about future events, and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expense and related disclosures. We base our estimates, assumptions and judgments on historical experience, current trends and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The accounting estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements will change as new events occur, as more experience is acquired, as additional information is obtained and as our operating environment changes. On a regular basis, we review our accounting policies, estimates, assumptions and judgments to ensure that our financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.

The methods, estimates and judgments that we use in applying our accounting policies have a significant impact on our results of operations. There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates from those described in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2017.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth our consolidated results of operations as a percentage of total revenue for the periods shown.

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

Revenue. Total revenue of $8.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased by $3.1 million or 61% from revenue of $5.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. Total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 included $4.5 million of revenue from customers we acquired from the 2016 Acquisitions, offset by attrition from customers.

Direct Operating Costs. Direct operating costs of $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased by $2.9 million or 127% from direct operating costs of $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. The MediGain acquisition increased salary costs by $1.4 million in the U.S. and $321,000 in India and Sri Lanka and operational outsourcing costs by $327,000. Postage and delivery costs increased by $264,000 due to the acquisition of WFS. Salary and other direct operating costs in Pakistan increased by $271,000 or 21% for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as a result of the addition in the number of employees in Pakistan who were hired to service customers of the 2016 Acquisitions. In addition, software platform costs increased by $246,000 and travel and entertainment costs increased by $111,000 from the three months ended March 31, 2016 due to the 2016 acquisitions.

Selling and Marketing Expense. Selling and marketing expense of $356,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased by $12,000 or 3% from selling and marketing expense of $344,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016. Professional costs increased by $24,000 and the MediGain acquisition increased salary costs by $144,000 due to MediGain’s established sales and marketing team. This increase was offset by $149,000 of savings in salary costs due to the reduction of other U.S. employees.

General and Administrative Expense. General and administrative expense of $3 million increased by $77,000 or 3% from general and administrative expense of $2.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. The MediGain acquisition increased salary costs by $141,000. Salary costs in Pakistan increased by $90,000 or 22% for the three months ended March 31, 2017. Other general and administrative costs including occupancy expenses increased by approximately $191,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 due to the MediGain acquisition. These increases in costs were offset by a decrease in salary expense in the U.S. by $355,000 or 34% for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2016 due to the reduction in the number of other non-MediGain related employees. The integration of the GCB acquisition and those acquisitions during 2015 were completed during 2016 resulting in expense reductions related to the closing of offices and reducing third party expenses such as computer expenses, accommodation costs, office costs, and insurance expenses.

Research and Development Expense. Research and development expense of $281,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased by $90,000 or 47% from research and development expense of $191,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016, as a result of adding additional technical employees in Pakistan performing software development work.

Contingent Consideration. The change in contingent consideration of $11,000 and $45,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, relates to the change in the fair value of the contingent consideration. The gain for the three months ended March 31, 2017 resulted from a decrease in the price of the Company’s common stock for the Practicare shares held in escrow.

Depreciation. Depreciation of $164,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased by $47,000 or 40% from depreciation of $117,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016, primarily as a result of additional property and equipment purchases and the acquisition of property and equipment from the MediGain acquisition.

Amortization Expense. Amortization expense of $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased by $259,000 or 24% from amortization expense of $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. This increase resulted from the intangible assets acquired in connection with our acquisitions, which are primarily being amortized over three years.

Restructuring Charges. During April 2017, the Company decided to close its operations in Poland and India. In connection with the closing of these subsidiaries, the Company accrued approximately $276,000 of restructuring charges representing primarily employee severance costs, remaining lease and termination fees and professional fees. The Company anticipates that it will take approximately six months to wind down the operations of these two locations, including transferring the shares of the Sri Lankan subsidiary from the Indian subsidiary to MAC. A substantial amount of the work performed by these locations was transferred to the Pakistan facility. The Company will also be using an outside contractor to perform some of the work previously performed at the Indian subsidiary. As a result of closing the Poland and India facilities, the Company will no longer need to fund the costs of these facilities.