UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark one)

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018

or

For the transition period from___________  to ___________

Commission File Number 001-36529

MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTION BILLING, CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(732) 873-5133

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company-, emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Securities Act. [X]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [X]

At August 6, 2018, the registrant had 11,846,424 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding.

INDEX

Forward Looking Statements

Certain statements that we make from time to time, including statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q constitute “forward looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements. These statements, among other things, relate to our business strategy, goals and expectations concerning our products, future operations, prospects, plans and objectives of management. The words “anticipate”, “believe”, “could”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “may”, “plan”, “predict”, “project”, “will” and similar terms and phrases are used to identify forward-looking statements in this presentation. Our operations involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside our control, and any one of which, or a combination of which, could materially affect our results of operations and whether the forward-looking statements ultimately prove to be correct. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, without limitation, statements reflecting management’s expectations for future financial performance and operating expenditures (including our ability to continue as a going concern, to raise additional capital and to succeed in our future operations), expected growth, profitability and business outlook, increased sales and marketing expenses, and the expected results from the integration of our acquisitions.

Forward-looking statements are only current predictions and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from those anticipated by such statements. These factors include, among other things, the unknown risks and uncertainties that we believe could cause actual results to differ from these forward looking statements as set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2018. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of the risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements, including without limitation, risks and uncertainties relating to:

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by law, we are under no duty to update or revise any of such forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances may be materially different from what we expect.

All references to “MTBC,” “Medical Transcription Billing, Corp.,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” mean Medical Transcription Billing, Corp. and its subsidiaries, except where it is made clear that the term means only the parent company.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTION BILLING, CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTION BILLING, CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTION BILLING, CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (UNAUDITED)

(a) No tax effect has been recorded as the Company recorded a valuation allowance against the tax benefit from its foreign currency translation adjustments.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTION BILLING, CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2018

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTION BILLING, CORP.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2018 AND 2017

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

MEDICAL TRANSCRIPTION BILLING, CORP.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AS OF AND FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2018 AND 2017 (UNAUDITED)

1. Organization and Business

Medical Transcription Billing, Corp. (and together with its subsidiaries “MTBC” or the “Company”) is a healthcare information technology company that offers an integrated suite of proprietary cloud-based electronic health records and practice management solutions, together with related business services, to healthcare providers. The Company’s integrated services are designed to help customers increase revenues, streamline workflows and make better business and clinical decisions, while reducing administrative burdens and operating costs. The Company’s services include full-scale revenue cycle management, electronic health records, and other technology-driven practice management services for private and hospital-employed healthcare providers. MTBC has its corporate offices in Somerset, New Jersey and maintains account management teams in various US offices and operates facilities in Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

MTBC was founded in 1999 and incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in 2001. In 2004, MTBC formed MTBC Private Limited (or “MTBC Pvt. Ltd.”) a 99.9% majority-owned subsidiary of MTBC based in Pakistan. The remaining 0.01% of the shares of MTBC Pvt. Ltd. is owned by the founder and Executive Chairman of MTBC. In 2016, MTBC formed MTBC Acquisition Corp. (“MAC”), a Delaware corporation, in connection with its acquisition of substantially all the assets of MediGain, LLC and its subsidiary, Millennium Practice Management Associates, LLC (together “MediGain”). MAC has a wholly-owned subsidiary in Sri Lanka, RCM MediGain Colombo, Pvt. Ltd. In conjunction with its continued growth of its offshore operations in Pakistan and Sri Lanka, in April 2017, MTBC began the winding down of its operations in India and Poland. These operations have been terminated and the Indian subsidiary is being liquidated. The Poland subsidiary has been liquidated.

In May 2018, MTBC formed MTBC Health, Inc. (“MHI”) and MTBC Practice Management, Corp., (“MPM”) each a Delaware corporation, in connection with its acquisition of substantially all of the revenue cycle, practice management, and group purchasing organization assets of Orion Healthcorp, Inc. and 13 of its affiliates (together, “Orion”). (See Note 15.) MHI is a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of MTBC, and was formed to own and operate the revenue cycle management and group purchasing organization businesses acquired from Orion. MPM is a wholly owned subsidiary of MHI, and was formed to own and operate the practice management business acquired from Orion.

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and as required by Regulation S-X, Rule 8-03. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of items of a normal and recurring nature) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of June 30, 2018, the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. When preparing financial statements in conformity with GAAP, the Company must make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 was derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 7, 2018.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements — From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and are adopted by us as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, we believe that the impact of recently adopted and recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606) on January 1, 2018 using a modified retrospective adoption methodology, whereby the cumulative impact of all prior periods is recorded in accumulated deficit or other impacted balance sheet items upon adoption. The core principle of this amendment is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Under the previous accounting standard, the criterion impacting the timing of our revenue recognition was the requirement of fees to be either fixed or determinable, therefore, we did not recognize revenue for medical billing claims until we were notified of these collections, as the fees were not fixed or determinable until such time. The new guidance does not limit the recognition of revenue to only fees that are fixed or determinable. Instead, the standard focuses on recognizing revenue as value is transferred to customers. The impact as of January 1, 2018 on our medical billing services is a revenue recognition and reporting model that reflects revenue recognized over time rather than delaying the recognition of revenue until the point in time in which the fees to be charged become determinable. The impact to the accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2018 for the contract asset related to medical billing revenue was approximately $1.3 million. There was no material impact to the Company’s other revenue streams.

The Company determined that the only significant incremental cost incurred to obtain contracts within the scope of ASC 606, are sales commissions paid to sales people and outside referral sources. Under the new standard, certain costs to obtain a contract, which we previously expensed, are deferred and amortized over the period of contract performance or a longer period, generally the expected client life. The impact to the accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2018 was approximately $101,000. As of June 30, 2018, the capitalized sales commissions were approximately $113,000. Amortization of capitalized sales commissions for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was approximately $14,000 and $26,000, respectively.

The following table reconciles the balances as presented for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 to the balances prior to the adjustments made to implement the new revenue recognition standard for the same period:

These condensed consolidated financial statements include enhanced disclosures, particularly around the contract asset and the disaggregation of revenue. See Note 9, “Revenue,” for these enhanced disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The new standard will require organizations that lease assets — referred to as “lessees” — to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Under the new guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. Consistent with current GAAP, the recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily will depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. However, unlike current GAAP — which requires only capital leases to be recognized on the balance sheet — the new ASU will require both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. The amendments in this ASU are effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 with earlier adoption permitted.

We plan to adopt the new standard on a modified retrospective basis. We have assigned internal resources to assist in the evaluation of the potential impacts of this standard. Implementation efforts to date have included training on the new standards, the review of lease agreements and other contracts to evaluate potential embedded leases. The Company is continuing to evaluate the effect that Topic 842 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. We are in the process of implementing changes to our processes and controls in conjunction with the review of existing lease agreements in connection with the adoption of the new standard. Implementation efforts to date have included training on the new standard, the review of lease agreements and other contracts and the purchase of software to assist us in the accounting and evaluation required under Topic 842. We anticipate that this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, as all long-term leases will be capitalized on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. We expect that our leases designated as operating leases in Note 11 – Commitments and Contingencies included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31. 2017, filled with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 7, 2018 will be reported on the consolidated balance sheet upon adoption.

Also in January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment. The ASU modifies the accounting for goodwill impairment with the objective of simplifying the process of determining impairment levels. Specifically, the amendments in the ASU eliminate a step in the goodwill impairment test which requires companies to develop a hypothetical purchase price allocation when analyzing goodwill impairment. This eliminates the need for companies to estimate the fair value of individual existing assets and liabilities within a reporting unit. Instead, goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s total carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. All other aspects of the goodwill impairment test process have remained the same. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning in the year 2020, with early adoption permitted for any impairment tests after January 1, 2017. The Company has elected to early adopt ASU 2017-04. There is currently no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of this adoption.

On February 14, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. These amendments provide financial statement preparers with an option to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recorded. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

3. ACQUISITION

2017 Acquisition

Effective July 1, 2017, the Company purchased substantially all of the assets of Washington Medical Billing, LLC (“WMB”), a Washington limited liability company. In accordance with the asset purchase agreement, the Company agreed to a non-refundable initial payment (the “Initial Payment Amount”) of $205,000. In addition to the Initial Payment Amount, the Company agreed to pay the sellers a percentage of revenue collected from the WMB accounts for the three years, subsequent to the acquisition date to the extent such amounts in the aggregate exceed the Initial Payment Amount (the “WMB Installment Payments”). Based on the Company’s revenue forecast, it does not appear that there will be any WMB Installment Payments and therefore the aggregate purchase price of WMB was determined to be $205,000.

Revenue earned from the WMB acquisition was approximately $47,000 and $113,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

Pro forma financial information (Unaudited)

The unaudited pro forma information below represents condensed consolidated results of operations as if the WMB acquisition occurred on January 1, 2017. The pro forma information has been included for comparative purposes and is not indicative of results of operations that the Company would have had if the acquisitions occurred on the above date, nor is it necessarily indicative of future results. Pro forma information for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 is not presented as there was no acquisition which was not fully reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements during those periods.

4. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS-NET

Goodwill consists of the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets of businesses acquired. The following is the summary of the changes to the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017:

Intangible assets include customer contracts and relationships and covenants not-to-compete acquired in connection with acquisitions, as well as trademarks acquired and software costs. Intangible assets - net as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 consist of the following:

Amortization expense was approximately $854,000 and $2.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 and $415,000 and $1.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The weighted-average amortization period is three years.

As of June 30, 2018, future amortization scheduled to be expensed is as follows:

5. NET LOss per COMMON share

The following table presents the basic and diluted net loss per weighted-average shares outstanding for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:

All unvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”), the 200,000 warrants granted to Opus Bank (“Opus”), the 2,000,000 warrants issued during the second quarter of 2017 as part of the registered direct sale of common stock (which expired unexercised in May 2018) and the 125,000 warrants granted to Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) in October 2017 have been excluded from the above calculations as they were anti-dilutive. Vested RSUs and vested restricted shares have been included in the above calculations.

6. DEBT

SVB — During October 2017, the Opus credit facility was replaced with a revolving line of credit from SVB under a three-year agreement. The SVB credit facility is a $5 million secured revolving line of credit where borrowings are based on a formula of 200% of repeatable revenue adjusted by an annualized attrition rate as defined in the credit facility agreement. The full $5 million facility is generally available to the Company. Interest on the SVB revolving line of credit is charged at the prime rate plus 1.75%. There is also a fee of one-half of 1% annually for the unused portion of the credit line. The debt is secured by all of the Company’s domestic assets and 65% of the shares in its offshore facilities. Future acquisitions are subject to approval by SVB.

In connection with the SVB debt agreement, the Company paid SVB approximately $50,000 of fees upfront and issued warrants for SVB to purchase 125,000 shares of its common stock, and committed to pay an annual anniversary fee of $50,000 a year. Based on the terms in the SVB credit agreement, the warrants have a strike price equal to $3.92. They have a five-year exercise window and net exercise rights, and were valued at $3.12 per warrant. The SVB credit agreement contains various covenants and conditions governing the revolving line of credit. These covenants include a minimum level of adjusted EBITDA and a minimum liquidity ratio. At June 30, 2018, the Company was in compliance with all covenants.

Opus — On September 2, 2015, the Company entered into a credit agreement with Opus. Opus extended a credit facility totaling $10 million to the Company, inclusive of $8 million of term loans and a $2 million revolving line of credit. The Company’s obligations to Opus were secured by substantially all of the Company’s domestic assets and 65% of the shares in its offshore subsidiaries. During October 2017, the Opus credit facility was fully paid and then closed and replaced with the SVB facility.

Vehicle Financing Notes — The Company financed certain vehicle purchases both in the United States and in Pakistan. The vehicle financing notes have three to six year terms and were issued at current market rates.

Insurance Financing — The Company finances certain insurance purchases over the term of the policy life. The interest rate charged is 5.25%.

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings — On May 30, 2018, the Superior Court of New Jersey, Chancery Division, Somerset County (the “Chancery Court”), denied the Company’s and MAC’s request to enjoin an arbitration proceeding demanded by a former customer related to RCM services provided by parties other than the Company and MAC. On June 15, 2018, the Company and MAC filed an appeal of the Chancery Court’s order. On July 19, 2018, the Chancery Court ordered that the arbitration be stayed pending the Company’s and MAC’s appeal. The demand for arbitration alleges breach of a billing services agreement between the former customer and Millennium Practice Management Associates, Inc., (“MPMA”) a subsidiary of MediGain, and seeks compensatory damages and costs. The Company and MAC contend they were never party to the billing services agreement giving rise to the arbitration claim, did not assume the obligations of MPMA under such agreement, and any agreement to arbitrate disputes arising under such agreement does not apply to the Company or MAC. While the allegations of breach of contract made by the former customer have not been the subject of ongoing legal proceedings, the Company and MAC believe that such allegations lack merit on numerous grounds. The Company’s and MAC’s appeal remains pending.

From time to time, we may become involved in other legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. Including the proceeding described above, we are not presently a party to any legal proceedings that, in the opinion of our management, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company.

Leases — The Company leases certain office space and other facilities under operating leases expiring through 2021. Certain of these leases contain renewal options. There is an offshore lease with monthly rent payments of approximately $21,000 that has a three-month cancellation provision. The Company also has month to month leases for its US corporate facility and other locations amounting to approximately $12,000 per month which it expects to remain month to month (See Note 8).

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases for office space as of June 30, 2018 are as follows:

Total rental expense, included in direct operating costs and general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, amounted to approximately $436,000 and $453,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $220,000 and $224,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Acquisitions — In connection with some of the Company’s acquisitions, contingent consideration as of June 30, 2018 is payable in cash through 2019, which represents the date through which contingent payments are forecasted to be required. Depending on the terms of the agreement, if the performance measures are not achieved, the Company may pay less than the recorded amount, and if the performance measures are exceeded, the Company may pay more than the recorded amount.

8. Related PARTIES

The Company had sales to a related party, a physician who is the wife of the Executive Chairman. Revenues from this customer were approximately $9,000 and $8,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively and $4,000 for both the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the receivable balance due from this customer was approximately $1,400 and $1,900, respectively.

The Company is a party to a nonexclusive aircraft dry lease agreement with Kashmir Air, Inc. (“KAI”), which is owned by the Executive Chairman. The Company recorded an expense of approximately $64,000 for both the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 and $32,000 for both the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had a liability outstanding to KAI of approximately $11,000, which is included in accrued liability to related party in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company leases its corporate offices in New Jersey, its temporary housing for its foreign visitors, a storage facility and its backup operations center in Bagh, Pakistan, from the Executive Chairman. The related party rent expense was approximately $95,000 and $94,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 respectively, and for both the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $47,000, and is included in direct operating costs and general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Current assets-related party in the condensed consolidated balance sheets includes security deposits related to the leases of the Company’s corporate offices of approximately $13,000 as of both June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 balances also include prepaid rent paid to the Executive Chairman of approximately $12,000.

The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which was adopted January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method. All revenue is recognized as our performance obligations are satisfied. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer, and is the unit of account under ASC 606. Under the new standard, the Company recognizes revenue when the services begin on the medical billing claims, which is generally upon receipt of the claim from the provider. For medical billing services, the Company estimates the value of the consideration it will earn over the remaining contractual period as our services are provided and recognizes the fees over the term; this estimation involves predicting the amounts our clients will ultimately collect associated with the services they provided. Certain significant estimates, such as payment-to-charge ratios, effective billing rates and the estimated contractual payment periods are required to measure medical billing revenue under the new standard. The timing of the revenue recognition of our other revenue streams were not materially impacted by the adoption of ASC 606.

All of our revenue is derived from contracts with customers and is reported as revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. In many cases, our clients may terminate their agreements with 90 days’ notice without cause, thereby limiting the term in which we have enforceable rights and obligations, although this time period can vary between clients. Our payment terms are normally net 30 days. We provide value to our clients over the term of the contract and recognize revenue ratably over the term, which is consistent with the measure of progress. In the event that we are entitled to variable consideration for services provided during a specific time period, fees for these services are allocated to and recognized over the specific time period. Our contracts contain penalty clauses for early termination. Although our contracts have stated terms of one or more years, under ASC 606 our contracts are considered month to month and accordingly, there is no financing component.

Disaggregation of Revenue from Contracts with Customers

We derive revenue from six primary sources: medical billing services, ancillary services, printing and mailing, clearinghouse and EDI (electronic data interchange) services, EnrollmentPlus^TM and professional services. All of our current contracts with customers contain a single performance obligation. For contracts where we provide multiple services such as where we perform multiple ancillary services, each service represents its own performance obligation. Selling prices are based on the contractual price for the service.

The following table represents a disaggregation of revenue for the three and six months ended June 30:

We apply the portfolio approach as permitted by ASC 606 as a practical expedient to contracts with similar characteristics and we use estimates and assumptions when accounting for those portfolios. Our contracts generally include standard commercial payment terms. We have no significant obligations for refunds, warranties or similar obligations and our revenue does not include taxes collected from our customers.

Medical billing revenue:

Medical billing is the recurring process of submitting and following up on claims with health insurance companies in order for the healthcare providers to receive payment for the services they rendered. MTBC invoices customers on a monthly basis based on the actual collections received by its customers and the agreed-upon rate in the sales contract. The series of services under medical billing revenue includes practice management software and related tools, electronic health records, revenue cycle management services and mobile health solutions. We consider the series of services provided under our medical billing contracts to be one performance obligation since the promises are not distinct in the context of the contract.

Substantially all of our medical billing contracts contain variable consideration and we estimate the variable consideration which we expect to be entitled to over the contractual period associated with our medical billing contracts, which begins no earlier than go-live and recognize the fees over the term. When a contract includes variable consideration, we evaluate the estimate of the variable consideration to determine whether the estimate needs to be constrained; therefore, we include the variable consideration in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. For the majority of our medical billing contracts, the total contractual price is variable because our obligation is to process an unknown quantity of transactions, as and when requested by our customers, over the contract period. We allocate the variable price to each claim processed using the time-series concept and recognize revenue based on the most likely amount of consideration to which we will be entitled to, which is generally the amount we have the right to invoice. Estimates to determine the variable consideration such as payment to charge ratios, effective billing rates, and the estimated contractual payment periods are updated at each reporting date.

The contract asset in the condensed consolidated balance sheet represents the revenue associated with the amounts our clients will ultimately collect associated with the services they have provided and the relative fee we charge associated with those collections. The performance obligations as of January 1, 2018 were substantially recognized in the quarter ended March 31, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, the estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to the remaining performance obligations was approximately $1.7 million. As of June 30, 2018, the Company determined the contract asset for a significant customer, where the information was previously unavailable. Of the total contract asset at June 30, 2018, approximately $210,000 was related to this customer. We expect to recognize substantially all of the revenue for the remaining performance obligations over the next 3 months.

Our medical billing performance obligations consist of a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same periodic pattern of transfer to our customers. We consider each periodic rendering of service to be a distinct performance obligation and, accordingly, recognize revenue over time.

Other revenue streams:

Ancillary services represent services such as coding and transcription that are rendered in connection with the delivery of medical billing and related services. The Company invoices customers monthly, based on the actual amount of services performed at the agreed upon rate in the contract. These services are only offered to medical billing customers. These services do not represent a material right because the services are optional to the customer and customers electing these services are charged the same price for those services as if they were on a standalone basis. Each individual coding or transcription transaction processed represents a performance obligation, which is satisfied once that individual service is completed.

The Company provides printing and mailing services for a non-medical billing customer and invoices on a monthly basis based on the number of prints, the agreed-upon rate per print and the postage incurred. The performance obligation is satisfied once the printing and mailing is completed.

The medical billing clearinghouse takes claim information from customers, checks the claims for errors and sends this information electronically to insurance companies. MTBC invoices customers on a monthly basis based on the number of claims submitted and the agreed-upon rate in the agreement. This service is provided to non-medical billing customers. The performance obligation is satisfied once the relevant submissions are completed.

MTBC also provides implementation and professional services to clearinghouse customers and records revenue monthly on a time and materials basis. This is a separate performance obligation from the clearinghouse and EDI services provided. The performance obligation is satisfied once the implementation or professional service is completed.

For the EnrollmentPlus product, the Company receives a monthly fee per member for providing an electronic interchange for the enrollment of a customer’s members using a platform that the Company developed. EnrollmentPlus automates the customer’s processing and enrollment of new members. The performance obligation is satisfied once the enrollment of members is completed.

For all of the above revenue streams, revenue is recognized over time, when invoiced, which closely matches point in time recognition, as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company. Each of the services provided above is considered a separate performance obligation and is satisfied over time, which is typically one month or less.

Information about contract balances:

Accounts receivable are shown separately at their net realizable value in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Amounts that we are entitled to collect under the applicable contract are recorded as accounts receivable. Invoicing is performed at the end of each month when the services have been provided. The contract asset results from our medical billing services and is due to the timing of revenue recognition, submission of claims from our customers and payments from the insurance providers. The contract asset includes our right to payment for services already transferred to a customer when the right to payment is conditional on something other than the passage of time. For example, contracts for medical billing services where we recognize revenue over time but do not have a contractual right to payment until the customer receives payment of their claim from the insurance provider. The contract asset was approximately $1.7 million as of June 30, 2018. Changes in the contract asset are recorded as adjustments to net revenues and primarily result from providing services to customers that result in additional consideration and are offset by our right to payment for services becoming unconditional. Deferred revenue represents sign-up fees received from customers that are amortized over 3 years. The opening and closing balances of the Company’s accounts receivable, contract asset and deferred revenue are as follows:

Deferred commissions:

Our sales incentive plans include commissions payable to employees and third parties at the time of initial contract execution that are capitalized as incremental costs to obtain a contract. The capitalized commissions are amortized over the period the related services are transferred. Amortization of the capitalized commissions was $14,000 and $26,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. As we do not offer commissions on contract renewals, we have determined the amortization period to be the estimated client life, which is three years. Deferred commissions were approximately $113,000 at June 30, 2018 and are included in the Other Assets lines in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

In April 2014, the Company adopted its Equity Incentive Plan, reserving 1,351,000 shares of common stock for grants to employees, officers, directors and consultants. During April 2017, this plan was amended and restated whereby an additional 1,500,000 shares of common stock and 100,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were added to the plan for future issuance. During June 2018, the Company’s shareholders approved the addition of 200,000 preferred shares to the Equity Incentive Plan for future grants. As of June 30, 2018, 985,700 shares of common stock and 227,200 shares of Series A Preferred Stock are available for grant under our equity incentive plan. Permissible awards include incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, RSUs, performance stock and cash-settled awards and other stock-based awards in the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors including unrestricted stock grants.

The equity based RSUs contain a provision in which the units shall immediately vest and become converted into common shares at the rate of one common share per RSU, immediately after a change in control, as defined in the award agreement.

Common stock RSUs

During May 2018, a total of 150,000 RSUs of common stock were granted equally to two executive officers. The RSUs vest in one-third increments over the next 15 months from the grant date. During the third quarter of 2017, a total of 200,000 RSUs of common stock were granted equally to the four outside members of the Board of Directors and a total of 300,000 RSUs of common stock were granted equally to three executive officers. The RSUs vest over the next two years, at six month intervals.

The following table summarizes the RSU transactions related to the common stock under our equity incentive plan for the six months ended June 30, 2018:

Of the total outstanding and unvested at June 30, 2018, 591,251 RSUs are classified as equity and 89,770 RSUs are classified as a liability.

The liability for the cash-settled awards was approximately $45,000 and $41,000 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and is included in accrued compensation in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Stock-based compensation expense

The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the total requisite service period for the entire award. For stock awards classified as equity, the market price of our common stock or preferred stock on the date of grant is used in recording the fair value of the award. For stock awards classified as a liability, the earned amount is marked to market based on the end of period common stock price.

In 2017, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved executive bonuses to be paid in shares of Series A Preferred Stock, with the number of shares and the value based on specified criteria being achieved during the year. The Company accrued for this expense as based on the probable amount to be paid.

In 2018, the Compensation Committee has again approved executive bonuses to be paid in shares of Series A Preferred Stock, with the number of shares and the amount based on specified criteria being achieved during 2018. The achievement of these criteria will be determined after the year-end. Once the Company’s shareholders added additional shares of preferred stock to the Equity Incentive Plan, the Company begun accruing for 2018 bonuses based on the probability of achieving the results. During the quarter ended June 30, 2018, approximately $154,000 was accrued for the 2018 stock bonuses and is included in stock based compensation expense.

The following table summarizes the components of share-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:

The current income tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 primarily relates to state minimum taxes and foreign income taxes. The deferred income tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 relates to the amortization of goodwill.

Although the Company is forecasting a return to profitability, it has not had sufficient history of profitable operations which makes realization of a deferred tax asset difficult to support in accordance with ASC 740. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been recorded against all Federal and state deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The valuation allowance has been applied to the net deferred tax assets and liabilities excluding the deferred tax liability related to the amortization of goodwill.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) was enacted. Effective January 1, 2018, among other changes, the Act (a) reduces the U.S. federal corporate tax rate to 21 percent, provides for a deemed repatriation and taxation at reduced rates on historical earnings (a “Transition Tax”) of certain non-US subsidiaries owned by U.S. companies and establishes new mechanisms to tax such earnings going forward. For the Transition Tax, we are finalizing the estimated amount of accumulated foreign earnings. We expect to complete our analysis within the measurement period in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 118.

The Act includes a provision effective January 1, 2018 for a global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) tax, which is a new U.S. income inclusion of certain foreign earnings under the Subpart F tax regulations, but ultimately allowable to be offset by the Company’s available net operating loss carryover. Companies can account for the GILTI inclusion in either the period incurred or establish deferred tax liabilities for the expected future taxes associated with accumulated GILTI. The Company elected to record the GILTI provisions as they are incurred each period. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, no GILTI tax liability was recorded.

The Company will continue to analyze the effects of the Act on its consolidated financial statements and operations. Our estimates are subject to change as we review the data available and any additional guidance. Any additional impacts from the enactment of the Act will be recorded as they are identified during the measurement period as provided in SAB 118. No provisional amounts were recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2018. We expect to conclude our analysis by the end of the third quarter.

During March 2017, the Company decided to close its operations in Poland and India. In connection with the closing of these subsidiaries, in the first quarter of 2017, the Company expensed approximately $276,000 of restructuring charges representing primarily employee severance costs, remaining lease and termination fees, disposal of property and equipment and professional fees. The Company does not expect to record any additional restructuring charges for these closures.

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the carrying amounts of receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximated their estimated fair values because of the short term nature of these financial instruments.

Fair value measurements-Level 2

Our notes payable are carried at cost and approximate fair value since the interest rates being charged approximate market rates.

Contingent Consideration

The Company’s contingent consideration of approximately $563,000 and $603,000 as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, are Level 3 liabilities. The fair value of the contingent consideration at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was primarily driven by changes in revenue estimates related to the acquisitions during 2015 and 2016, the passage of time and the associated discount rate. Due to the number of factors used to determine contingent consideration, it is not possible to determine a range of outcomes. Subsequent adjustments to the fair value of the contingent consideration liability will continue to be recorded in the Company’s results of operations until all contingencies are settled.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the contingent consideration measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

On May 4, 2018, the Company executed an asset purchase agreement (“APA”) to acquire substantially all of the revenue cycle, practice management, and group purchasing organization assets of Orion. The acquisition was approved through a sale order dated June 29, 2018 by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of New York as a Section 363 purchase under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. The final purchase price was $12.6 million. The final APA was approved by the Bankruptcy Court, with an effective date of July 1, 2018. We expect that this acquisition will be accounted for as a business combination.

The following is a discussion of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 and other factors that are expected to affect our prospective financial condition. The following discussion and analysis should be read together with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes beginning on page 4 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Some of the statements set forth in this section are forward-looking statements relating to our future results of operations. Our actual results may vary from the results anticipated by these statements. Please see “Forward-Looking Statements” on page 2 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

MTBC is a healthcare information technology company that provides a fully integrated suite of proprietary web-based solutions, together with related business services, to healthcare providers. Our integrated Software-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) platform is designed to help our clients increase revenues, streamline workflows and make better business and clinical decisions, while reducing administrative burdens and operating costs. We are able to deliver our leading solutions at very competitive prices because we leverage our proprietary software, which automates our workflows and increases efficiency, together with our highly educated and specialized offshore workforce of approximately 2,000 team members at labor costs that we believe are approximately one-tenth the cost of comparable U.S. employees.

During July 2018, the Company acquired substantially all of the revenue cycle management, practice management and group purchasing assets of Orion Healthcorp, Inc. and 13 of its affiliates (together “Orion”). The Company paid $12.6 million in cash for the acquisition. This acquisition will expand the Company’s revenue cycle management business and offer group purchasing of vaccines to physicians. The Company will also manage three pediatric practices in Ohio and Illinois.

Our flagship offering, PracticePro™, empowers healthcare practices with the core software and business services they need to address industry challenges on one unified SaaS platform. We deliver powerful, integrated and easy-to-use solutions to healthcare practices, which enable them to efficiently operate their businesses, manage clinical workflows and receive timely payment for their services. PracticePro consists of the following services which together constitute medical billing revenue:

While many of our clients leverage our full PracticePro suite, we also have a number of clients who utilize other popular EHR software, and for which we provide RCM services, including medical billing, analytics, and related services.

Adoption of our solutions requires little or no upfront expenditure by a practice. Additionally, our financial performance is linked directly to the financial performance of our clients because the vast majority of our revenues are based on a percentage of our clients’ collections. The standard fee for our complete, integrated, end-to-end solution is among the lowest in the industry.

Our growth strategy involves two primary approaches: acquiring smaller RCM companies and then migrating the clients of those companies to our solutions, as well as growing organically through referrals from industry partners and our clients. Both prongs of our strategy have yielded positive results for us historically. The RCM service industry is highly fragmented, with many local and regional RCM companies serving small medical practices. We believe that the industry is ripe for consolidation and that we can achieve significant growth through acquisitions. We further believe that it is becoming increasingly difficult for traditional RCM companies to meet the growing technology and business service needs of healthcare providers without a significant investment in information technology infrastructure. Since the Company went public in July 2014, we have acquired substantially all of the assets of 12 RCM companies, including Orion. Although the specific arrangements have varied with each transaction, typical arrangements include a deeply-discounted price, consideration which is tied to revenues from customer relationships acquired, and structuring the acquisition as an asset purchase so as to limit our liability. We typically use our technology and our cost-effective offshore team to reduce costs promptly after the transaction closes, although there will be initial costs associated with the integration of the new businesses with our existing operations.

We believe we will also be able to further accelerate organic growth by partnering with industry participants, obtaining referrals and utilizing them as channel partners to offer integrated solutions to their clients. We have entered into arrangements with industry participants from which we began to derive revenue starting in mid-2014, including emerging EHR providers and other healthcare vendors that lack a full suite of solutions. We have developed application interfaces with numerous EHR systems, together with device and lab integration.

Our continued investment in sales and marketing during 2018 has helped us sign new customers which we expect will accelerate organic growth. Our newly launched talkEHR^TM is a free medical billing product, but is designed to encourage users to upgrade to a revenue-generating, premium billing solution. Since the third quarter 2017 launch of talkEHR, approximately 1,700 providers have signed-up for talkEHR, with 260 as active users. Twenty-nine providers have already upgraded to our premium billing. As we move forward, we intend to continue to strategically promote talkEHR to new users, while encouraging providers who have already signed-up to actively use talkEHR in their day-to-day practice and upgrade to our premium billing solution.

Our offshore operations in Pakistan and Sri Lanka accounted for approximately 32% and 28% of total expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. A significant portion of those expenses were personnel-related costs (approximately 79% of foreign costs for the both six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively). Because personnel-related costs are significantly lower in Pakistan and Sri Lanka than in the U.S. and many other offshore locations, we believe our offshore operations give us a competitive advantage over many industry participants. All of the medical billing companies that we have acquired used domestic labor or subcontractors from higher cost locations to provide all or a substantial portion of their services. We are able to achieve significant cost reductions as we shift these labor costs to our offshore operations.

Key Performance Measures

We consider numerous factors in assessing our performance. Key performance measures used by management, including adjusted EBITDA, adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income and adjusted net income per share, are non-GAAP financial measures, which we believe better enable management and investors to analyze and compare the underlying business results from period to period.

These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Moreover, these non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in that they do not reflect all the items associated with the operations of our business as determined in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by analyzing current and future results on a GAAP basis as well as a non-GAAP basis, and we provide reconciliations from the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures to the non-GAAP financial measures. Our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures differently than we do, limiting the usefulness of those measures for comparative purposes.

Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income and adjusted net income per share provide an alternative view of performance used by management and we believe that an investor’s understanding of our performance is enhanced by disclosing these adjusted performance measures.