UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark one)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021

or

For the transition period from        to        

Commission File Number 001-36529

CareCloud, Inc.

(Formerly MTBC, Inc.)

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(732) 873-5133

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [X]

At April 29, 2021, the registrant had 14,400,834 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding.

INDEX

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements that we make from time to time, including statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements. These statements relate to anticipated future events, future results of operations or future financial performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “should,” “intends,” “expects,” “plans,” “goals,” “projects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Our operations involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside of our control, and any one of which, or a combination of which, could materially affect our results of operations and whether the forward-looking statements ultimately prove to be correct. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, without limitation, statements reflecting management’s expectations for future financial performance and operating expenditures (including our ability to continue as a going concern, to raise additional capital and to succeed in our future operations), expected growth, profitability and business outlook, increased sales and marketing expenses, and the expected results from the integration of our acquisitions.

Forward-looking statements are only predictions, are uncertain and involve substantial known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors which may cause our (or our industry’s) actual results, levels of activity or performance to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity or performance expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These factors include, among other things, the unknown risks and uncertainties that we believe could cause actual results to differ from these forward-looking statements as set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 25, 2021. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of the risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements, including without limitation, risks and uncertainties relating to:

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by law, we are under no duty to update or revise any of such forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances may be materially different from what we expect.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

CARECLOUD, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

($ in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CARECLOUD, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021 AND 2020

($ in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CARECLOUD, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (UNAUDITED)

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021 AND 2020

($ in thousands)

(a) No tax effect has been recorded as the Company recorded a valuation allowance against the tax benefit from its foreign currency translation adjustments.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CARECLOUD, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021 AND MARCH 31, 2020

($ in thousands, except for number of shares)

For all periods presented, the preferred stock dividends were paid monthly at the rate of $2.75 per share per annum.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CARECLOUD, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021 AND 2020

($ in thousands)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CARECLOUD, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AS OF AND FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021

AND 2020 (UNAUDITED)

CareCloud, Inc., formerly MTBC, Inc. (“CareCloud”, and together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company”, “we”, “us” and/or “our”) is a healthcare information technology company that offers an integrated suite of proprietary cloud-based electronic health records and practice management solutions, together with related business services, to healthcare providers. The Company’s integrated services are designed to help customers increase revenues, streamline workflows and make better business and clinical decisions, while reducing administrative burdens and operating costs. The Company’s services include full-scale revenue cycle management, comprehensive practice management services, electronic health records, patient experience management solutions and other technology-driven practice management services for private and hospital-employed healthcare providers. CareCloud has its corporate offices in Somerset, New Jersey and maintains client support teams throughout the U.S., in Pakistan and in Sri Lanka.

CareCloud was founded in 1999 under the name Medical Transcription Billing, Corp. and incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in 2001. In 2004, the Company formed MTBC Private Limited (or “MTBC Pvt. Ltd.”), a 99.9% majority-owned subsidiary of CareCloud based in Pakistan. The remaining 0.01% of the shares of MTBC Pvt. Ltd. is owned by the founder and Executive Chairman of CareCloud. In 2016, the Company formed MTBC Acquisition Corp. (“MAC”), a Delaware corporation, in connection with its acquisition of substantially all of the assets of MediGain, LLC and its subsidiary, Millennium Practice Management Associates, LLC (together “MediGain”). MAC has a wholly owned subsidiary in Sri Lanka, RCM MediGain Colombo, Pvt. Ltd. In May 2018, the Company formed CareCloud Practice Management, Corp. (“CPM”), a Delaware corporation, to operate the practice management business acquired from Orion Healthcorp. During March 2021, the Company formed a new wholly-owned subsidiary, CareCloud Acquisition, Corp. which did not have any activity through March 31, 2021.

In January 2020, the Company purchased CareCloud Corporation, a company whose name we took. That company is now known as CareCloud Health, Inc. (“CCH”). In June 2020, the Company purchased Meridian Billing Management Co. and its affiliate Origin Holdings, Inc. (collectively “Meridian” and sometimes referred to as “Meridian Medical Management”). See Note 3.

During the first quarter of 2020, a New Jersey corporation, talkMD Clinicians, PA (“talkMD”), was formed by the wife of the Executive Chairman, who is a licensed physician, to provide telehealth services. talkMD was determined to be a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for financial reporting purposes because the entity will be controlled by the Company. As of March 31, 2021, talkMD had not yet commenced operations or had any transactions or agreements with the Company or otherwise.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and as required by Regulation S-X, Rule 8-03. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of items of a normal and recurring nature) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2021, the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. When preparing financial statements in conformity with GAAP, the Company must make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 was derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 25, 2021.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements — On February 14, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. These amendments provide financial statement preparers with an option to reclassify standard tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recorded. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. There was no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of this standard.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU simplifies the accounting for nonemployee share-based payments by aligning it with the accounting for share-based payments to employees, with exceptions. Under this guidance, the measurement of equity-classified nonemployee awards will be fixed at the grant date, which may lower their cost and reduce volatility in the income statement. Awards to nonemployees are measured by estimating the fair value of the equity instruments to be issued, rather than the fair value of the goods or services received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever can be measured more reliably. Entities need to consider the probability that a performance condition will be satisfied when an award contains such condition. The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. There was no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of this standard.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This ASU simplifies accounting for income taxes to reduce complexity in the accounting standards. The amendments consist of the removal of certain exceptions to the general principles of ASC 740 and some additional simplifications. The amendments are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. There was no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of this standard.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). This ASU simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. The amendments are not required to be implemented until 2022 for public entities. The Company is in the process of investigating if this update will have a significant impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

2020 Acquisitions

On June 16, 2020, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Meridian Billing Management Co., a Vermont corporation, Origin Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and GMM II Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Seller”), pursuant to which the Company purchased all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Meridian from the Seller. Meridian is in the business of providing medical billing, revenue cycle management, electronic medical records, medical coding and related services. These revenues have been included in the Company’s Healthcare IT segment. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination.

The total consideration paid at closing was $11.9 million, net of cash received, 200,000 shares of the Company’s Preferred Stock plus warrants to purchase 2,250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, with an exercise price per share of $7.50 and a term of two years. The Company also assumed Meridian’s negative net working capital and certain long-term lease liabilities where the leased space is either not being utilized or will be vacated shortly, with an aggregate value of approximately $4.8 million.

A summary of the total consideration is as follows:

Of the Preferred Stock consideration, 100,000 shares were held in escrow for up to one month pending completion of technical migration and customer acceptance. The shares held in escrow were released on August 3, 2020.

The Company’s Preferred Stock and warrants issued as part of the acquisition consideration were issued in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes method. The Company registered for resale under the Securities Act the Preferred Stock and the securities underlying the warrants. During the current quarter, 858,000 warrants were exercised at $7.50 each.

The Meridian acquisition added additional clients to the Company’s customer base and, similar to previous acquisitions, broadened the Company’s presence in the healthcare information technology industry through geographic expansion of its customer base and by increasing available customer relationship resources and specialized trained staff.

The Company engaged a third-party valuation specialist to assist the Company in valuing the assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Meridian. The following table summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation. The Company expects to finalize the purchase price allocation by the end of the second quarter of 2021 and is finalizing the projections and the valuation of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. The preliminary purchase price allocation for Meridian is summarized as follows:

The acquired accounts receivable are recorded at fair value which represents amounts that have subsequently been paid or are expected to be paid by clients. The fair value of customer relationships was based on the estimated discounted cash flows generated by these intangibles. The goodwill from this acquisition is not deductible for income tax purposes and represents the Company’s ability to have an expanded local presence in additional markets and operational synergies that we expect to achieve that would not be available to other market participants.

The weighted-average amortization period of the acquired intangible assets is approximately three years.

Revenue earned from the clients obtained from the Meridian acquisition was approximately $8.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

On January 8, 2020, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with CareCloud Corporation, a Delaware corporation which was subsequently renamed CareCloud Health, Inc. (“CCH”), MTBC Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub”) and Runway Growth Credit Fund Inc. (“Runway”), solely in its capacity as a seller representative, pursuant to which Merger Sub merged with and into CCH (the “Merger”), with CCH surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The Merger became effective simultaneously with the execution of the Merger Agreement. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination.

The total consideration for the Merger included approximately $11.9 million paid in cash at closing, the assumption of a working capital deficiency of approximately $5.1 million and 760,000 shares of the Company’s Preferred Stock. The Merger Agreement provided that if CCH’s 2020 revenues exceed $36 million, there will be an earn-out payment to the seller equal to such excess, up to $3 million. Based on the 2020 revenues, no earn-out payment was required. Additional consideration included warrants to purchase 2,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, 1,000,000 of which have an exercise price per share of $7.50 and a term of two years, and the other 1,000,000 warrants have an exercise price per share of $10.00 and a term of three years.

A summary of the total consideration is as follows:

Of the Preferred Stock consideration, 160,000 shares were placed in escrow for up to 24 months, and an additional 100,000 shares were placed in escrow for up to 18 months, in both cases, to satisfy indemnification obligations of the seller for losses arising from certain specified contingent liabilities. Shares net of such losses will be released upon the joint instruction of the Company and Runway in accordance with the applicable escrow terms. Such shares were entitled to the monthly dividend, which was to be paid when, and if, the shares were released. The Company had accrued the dividend monthly on the Preferred Stock held in escrow. Due to the settlement of the obligation in April 2021, accrued dividends of $513,000 relating to the 160,000 shares held in escrow were reversed during the current quarter.

During July 2020, it was determined that 55,726 shares of the Preferred Stock would be released from escrow and cancelled since one of the contingent liabilities was settled for the amount of the cancelled shares. This included a cash payment of approximately $1.3 million. Dividends previously accrued on these shares of $102,000 were reversed as of June 30, 2020, since the amounts will not need to be paid. The remaining shares continue to be held in escrow.

The Company’s Preferred Stock and warrants issued as part of the Merger consideration were issued in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes method. The Company registered for resale under the Securities Act the Preferred Stock and the securities underlying the warrants.

The CCH acquisition added additional clients to the Company’s customer base. The Company acquired CCH’s software technology and related business. Similar to previous acquisitions, this transaction broadened the Company’s presence in the healthcare information technology industry through geographic expansion of its customer base and by increasing available customer relationship resources and specialized trained staff.

The Company engaged a third-party valuation specialist to assist the Company in valuing the assets acquired and liabilities assumed from CCH. The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation:

The acquired accounts receivable are recorded at fair value which represents amounts that have subsequently been paid or are expected to be paid by clients. The fair value of customer relationships was based on the estimated discounted cash flows generated by these intangibles. The goodwill from this acquisition is not deductible for income tax purposes and represents the Company’s ability to have an expanded local presence in additional markets and operational synergies that we expect to achieve that would not be available to other market participants.

The weighted-average amortization period of the acquired intangible assets is approximately three years.

Revenue earned from the clients obtained from the CCH acquisition was approximately $8.3 million and $7.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively.

Pro forma financial information (Unaudited)

The unaudited pro forma information below represents the condensed consolidated results of operations as if the CCH and Meridian acquisitions occurred on January 1, 2020. The pro forma information has been included for comparative purposes and is not indicative of results of operations that the Company would have had if the acquisitions occurred on the above date, nor is it necessarily indicative of future results. The unaudited pro forma information reflects material, non-recurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combinations. The difference between the actual revenue and the pro forma revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is approximately $10.9 million of additional revenue recorded by Meridian and approximately $600,000 recorded by CCH.

Goodwill consists of the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets of businesses acquired. The following is the summary of the changes to the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020:

Intangible assets include customer contracts and relationships and covenants not-to-compete acquired in connection with acquisitions, as well as trademarks acquired and software costs. Intangible assets - net as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consist of the following:

Amortization expense was approximately $2.4 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The remaining weighted-average amortization period is approximately 3.4 years.

As of March 31, 2021, future amortization scheduled to be expensed is as follows:

The following table reconciles the weighted-average shares outstanding for basic and diluted net loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

All unvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and unexercised warrants have been excluded from the above calculations as they were anti-dilutive. Vested RSUs, vested restricted shares and exercised warrants have been included in the above calculations.

SVB — During October 2017, the Company opened a revolving line of credit with SVB under a three-year agreement. The SVB credit facility is a secured revolving line of credit where borrowings are based on a formula of 200% of repeatable revenue adjusted by an annualized attrition rate as defined in the credit agreement. During the third quarter of 2018, the credit line was increased from $5 million to $10 million and the term was extended for an additional year. Nothing was drawn on this line of credit as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Interest on the SVB revolving line of credit is charged at the prime rate plus 1.50%, with a minimum interest rate of 6.5%. There is also a fee of one-half of 1% annually for the unused portion of the credit line. The debt is secured by all of the Company’s domestic assets and 65% of the shares in its offshore facilities. Future acquisitions are subject to approval by SVB.

Vehicle Financing Notes — The Company financed certain vehicle purchases both in the United States and in Pakistan. The vehicle financing notes have three to six year terms and were issued at current market rates.

Insurance Financing — The Company finances certain insurance purchases over the term of the policy life. The interest rate charged is 4.0 % based on the annual renewal.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, current operating lease liability and non-current operating lease liability in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Each time the Company acquires a business, the ROU assets and the lease liabilities are recorded at fair value as of the date of acquisition. The Company does not have any finance leases.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term.

We use our estimated incremental borrowing rates, which are derived from information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. We give consideration to our bank financing arrangements, geographical location and collateralization of assets when calculating our incremental borrowing rates.

Our lease terms include options to extend the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Leases with a term of less than 12 months are not recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees. For real estate leases, we account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. Some leases include escalation clauses and termination options that are factored in the determination of the lease payments when appropriate.

If a lease is modified after the effective date, the operating lease ROU asset and liability is re-measured using the current incremental borrowing rate. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, there were $243,000 of unoccupied lease charges for two of the Company’s facilities. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, a lease impairment of approximately $297,000 was recorded since the Company is no longer using one of its leased facilities.

In February 2021, the Company was able to settle one of the lease obligations assumed in connection with the Meridian acquisition for an amount that approximated the remaining lease liability.

We lease all of our facilities and some equipment. Lease expense is included in direct operating costs and general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations based on the nature of the expense. As of March 31, 2021, we had 36 leased properties, five in Practice Management and 31 in Healthcare IT, with remaining terms ranging from less than one year to five years. Our lease terms are determined taking into account lease renewal options, the Company’s anticipated operating plans and leases that are on a month-to-month basis. We also have some related party leases – see Note 9.

The components of lease expense were as follows:

Short-term lease cost represents leases that were not capitalized as the lease term as of the later of January 1, 2021 or the beginning of the lease was less than 12 months. Variable lease costs include utilities, real estate taxes and common area maintenance costs.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:

Supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases was as follows:

Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:

As of March 31, 2021, we have one operating lease commitment that has not yet commenced with an aggregate gross lease liability of approximately $1.6 million.

Legal Proceedings — On April 4, 2017, Randolph Pain Relief and Wellness Center (“RPRWC”) filed an arbitration demand with the American Arbitration Association (the “Arbitration”) seeking to arbitrate claims against CareCloud, Inc. (“CareCloud”) and MTBC Acquisition Corp. (“MAC”). The claims relate solely to services provided by Millennium Practice Management Associates, Inc. (“MPMA”), a subsidiary of MediGain, LLC, pursuant to a billing services agreement that contains an arbitration provision. CareCloud and MAC jointly moved in the Superior Court of New Jersey, Chancery Division, Somerset County (the “Chancery Court”) to enjoin the Arbitration on the grounds that neither were a party to the billing services agreement. On May 30, 2018, the Chancery Court denied that motion and CareCloud and MAC appealed. The Chancery Court ordered the Arbitration stayed pending the appeal. 

On April 23, 2019, the Appellate Division reversed the Chancery Court’s ruling that CareCloud is required to participate in the Arbitration and remanded the case for further proceedings before the Chancery Court on that issue. The Appellate Division upheld the Chancery Court’s ruling that MAC was required to participate in the Arbitration. The parties completed discovery in the remanded matter, and both CareCloud and RPRWC filed cross-motions for summary judgement in their favor. On February 6, 2020, the Chancery Court denied RPRWC’s motion for summary judgment and granted CareCloud’s motion for summary judgment, holding that CareCloud cannot be compelled to participate in the Arbitration. RPRWC has informed CareCloud that it does not intend to appeal the Chancery Court’s ruling and that it intends to move forward solely against MAC in the Arbitration. On March 25, 2020, the Chancery Court lifted the stay of arbitration relative to RPRWC and MAC.

Due to conflicting information provided by RPRWC, it is unclear what the extent of the claimed damages are in this matter which at this time appear to be entirely speculative. According to its arbitration demand, RPRWC seeks compensatory damages of $6.6 million, plus costs, for MPMA’s alleged breach of the billing services agreement. On June 12, 2020, in response to a directive from the arbitrator, RPRWC disclosed a statement of damages to MAC in which it increased its alleged damages from $6.6 million and costs to $20 million and costs. On July 24, 2020, RPRWC disclosed a declaration to MAC, in which RPRWC estimates its damages to be approximately $11 million plus costs. MAC intends to vigorously defend against RPRWC’s claims. If RPRWC is successful in the Arbitration, CareCloud and MAC anticipate the award would be substantially less than the amount claimed.

Through the CCH transaction, we acquired its software technology and related business, of which certain elements were, at the time of the acquisition, subject to a civil investigation to determine pre-acquisition compliance with certain federal regulatory requirements. Following the closing of the transaction, the Company has continued to cooperate with the inquiry as CCH has historically done since the commencement of the investigation in July of 2018. This element was considered as part of the transaction as $4 million of the transaction’s consideration was held in escrow for the resolution of this investigation. The Company has accrued $4.2 million to resolve this investigation, of which up to $4 million is the escrow, which has been recorded as an indemnification asset which is included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021 in prepaid expenses and other current assets with an offsetting amount in accrued expenses. The Company settled the obligation in April 2021 substantially within the range covered by the escrowed funds.

From time to time, we may become involved in other legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. Including the proceedings described above, we are not presently a party to any legal proceedings that, in the opinion of our management, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company.

The Company had sales to a related party, a physician who is the wife of the Executive Chairman. Revenues from this customer were approximately $4,000 and $5,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the receivable balance due from this customer was approximately $1,000 and $2,000, respectively.

The Company is a party to a nonexclusive aircraft dry lease agreement with Kashmir Air, Inc. (“KAI”), which is owned by the Executive Chairman. The Company recorded an expense of approximately $30,000 and $41,000 for the three month periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. As of both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had a liability outstanding to KAI of approximately $1,000, which is included in accrued liability to related party in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The lease for the current aircraft was entered into as of April 1, 2019 and has been included in the ROU asset and operating lease liability at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021.

The Company leases its corporate offices in New Jersey, its temporary housing for its foreign visitors, a printing and mailing facility and its backup operations center in Bagh, Pakistan, from the Executive Chairman. The related party rent expense for both the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $47,000 and is included in direct operating costs and general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company spent approximately $289,000 to upgrade two of the leased facilities. Current assets-related party in the condensed consolidated balance sheets includes security deposits and prepaid rent related to the leases of the Company’s corporate offices in the amount of approximately $13,000 as of both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Included in the ROU asset at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is approximately $216,000 and $283,000, respectively, applicable to the related party leases. Included in the current and non-current operating lease liability at March 31, 2021 is approximately $142,000 and $85,000, respectively, applicable to the related party leases. At December 31, 2020, the current and non-current operating lease liability applicable to related party leases was approximately $202,000 and $92,000, respectively.

During the first quarter of 2020, talkMD Clinicians, PA, a New Jersey corporation was formed to provide telehealth services. This entity is owned by the wife of the Executive Chairman since an entity providing medical services must be owned by a physician. The Company did not have any transactions with this entity since its formation.

Introduction

The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. All revenue is recognized as our performance obligations are satisfied. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer, and is the unit of account under ASC 606. Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when the revenue cycle management services begin on the medical billing claims, which is generally upon receipt of the claim from the provider. For revenue cycle management services, the Company estimates the value of the consideration it will earn over the remaining contractual period as our services are provided and recognizes the fees over the term; this estimation involves predicting the amounts our clients will ultimately collect associated with the services they provided. The selling price of the Company’s services equals the contractual price. Certain significant estimates, such as payment-to-charge ratios, effective billing rates and the estimated contractual payment periods are required to measure revenue cycle management revenue under ASC 606.

Most of our current contracts with customers contain a single performance obligation. For contracts where we provide multiple services, such as where we perform multiple ancillary services, each service represents its own performance obligation. Selling prices are based on the contractual price for the service, which approximates the stand alone selling price.

We apply the portfolio approach as permitted by ASC 606 as a practical expedient to contracts with similar characteristics and we use estimates and assumptions when accounting for those portfolios. Our contracts generally include standard commercial payment terms. We have no significant obligations for refunds, warranties or similar obligations and our revenue does not include taxes collected from our customers.

Disaggregation of Revenue from Contracts with Customers

We derive revenue from eight primary sources: revenue cycle management services, SaaS solutions, professional services, ancillary services, group purchasing services, printing and mailing services, and clearinghouse and EDI (electronic data interchange) services and practice management services.

The following table represents a disaggregation of revenue for the three months ended March 31:

Revenue cycle management services:

Revenue cycle management services are the recurring process of submitting and following up on claims with health insurance companies in order for the healthcare providers to receive payment for the services they rendered. The Company typically invoices customers on a monthly basis based on the actual collections received by its customers and the agreed-upon rate in the sales contract. The fee for these services typically includes use of practice management software and related tools (on a software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) basis), electronic health records (on a SaaS basis), medical billing services and use of mobile health solutions. We consider the services to be one performance obligation since the promises are not distinct in the context of the contract. The performance obligation consists of a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same periodic pattern of transfer to our customers.

In many cases, our clients may terminate their agreements with 90 days notice without cause, thereby limiting the term in which we have enforceable rights and obligations, although this time period can vary between clients. Our payment terms are normally net 30 days. Although our contracts typically have stated terms of one or more years, under ASC 606 our contracts are considered month-to-month and accordingly, there is no financing component.

For the majority of our revenue cycle management contracts, the total transaction price is variable because our obligation is to process an unknown quantity of claims, as and when requested by our customers over the contract period. When a contract includes variable consideration, we evaluate the estimate of the variable consideration to determine whether the estimate needs to be constrained; therefore, we include variable consideration in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Estimates to determine variable consideration such as payment to charge ratios, effective billing rates, and the estimated contractual payment periods are updated at each reporting date. Revenue is recognized over the performance period using the input method.

SaaS Solutions:

Our proprietary, cloud-based practice management application automates the labor-intensive workflow of a medical office in a unified and streamlined SaaS platform. The Company has a large number of clients who utilize the Company’s practice management software, electronic health records software, patient experience management solutions, business intelligence software and/or robotic process automation software on a SaaS basis, but who do not utilize the Company’s revenue cycle management services. SaaS fees may be fixed based on the number of providers, or may be variable.

Other revenue streams:

The Company also provides implementation and professional services to certain customers and records revenue monthly on a time and materials or a fixed rate basis. This is a separate performance obligation from any revenue cycle management, SaaS, clearinghouse and recurring EDI services provided, for which the Company receives and records monthly fees. The performance obligation is satisfied over time as the implementation or professional services are rendered.

Ancillary services represent services such as coding, credentialing and transcription that are rendered in connection with the delivery of revenue cycle management and related medical services. The Company invoices customers monthly, based on the actual amount of services performed at the agreed upon rate in the contract. These services are only offered to revenue cycle management customers. These services do not represent a material right because the services are optional to the customer and customers electing these services are charged the same price for those services as if they were on a standalone basis. Each individual ancillary service transaction processed represents a performance obligation, which is satisfied over time as that individual service is rendered.

The Company provides group purchasing services which enable medical providers to purchase various vaccines directly from selected pharmaceutical companies at a discounted price. Currently, there are approximately 4,000 medical providers who are members of the program. Revenue is recognized as the vaccine shipments are made to the medical providers. Fees from the pharmaceutical companies are paid either quarterly or annually and the Company adjusts its revenue accrual at the time of payment. The Company makes significant judgments regarding the variable consideration which we expect to be entitled to for the group purchasing services which includes the anticipated shipments to the members enrolled in the program, anticipated volumes of purchases made by the members, and the changes in the number of members. The amounts recorded are constrained by estimates of decreases in shipments and loss of members to avoid a significant revenue reversal in the subsequent period. The only performance obligation is to provide the pharmaceutical companies with the medical providers who want to become members in order to purchase vaccines. The performance obligation is satisfied once the medical provider agrees to purchase a specific quantity of vaccines and the medical provider’s information is forwarded to the vaccine suppliers. The Company records a contract asset for revenue earned and not paid as the ultimate payment is conditioned on achieving certain volume thresholds.

The Company provides printing and mailing services for both revenue cycle management customers and a non- revenue cycle management customer, and invoices on a monthly basis based on the number of prints, the agreed-upon rate per print and the postage incurred. The performance obligation is satisfied once the printing and mailing is completed.

The medical billing clearinghouse service takes claim information from customers, checks the claims for errors and sends this information electronically to insurance companies. The Company invoices customers on a monthly basis based on the number of claims submitted and the agreed-upon rate in the agreement. This service is provided to medical practices and providers to medical practices who are not revenue cycle management customers. The performance obligation is satisfied once the relevant submissions are completed.

For all of the above revenue streams other than group purchasing services, revenue is recognized over time, which is typically one month or less, which closely matches the point in time that the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company. For the group purchasing services, revenue is recognized at a point in time. Each service is substantially the same and has the same periodic pattern of transfer to the customer. Each of the services provided above is considered a separate performance obligation.

Practice management services:

The Company also provides practice management services under long-term management service agreements to three medical practices. We provide the medical practices with the nurses, administrative support, facilities, supplies, equipment, marketing, RCM, accounting, and other non-clinical services needed to efficiently operate their practices. Revenue is recognized as the services are provided to the medical practices. Revenue recorded in the consolidated statements of operations represents the reimbursement of costs paid by the Company for the practices and the management fee earned each month for managing the practice. The management fee is based on either a fixed fee or a percentage of the net operating income.

The Company assumes all financial risk for the performance of the managed medical practices. Revenue is impacted by the amount of the costs incurred by the practices and their operating income. The gross billing of the practices is impacted by billing rates, changes in current procedural terminology code reimbursement and collection trends which in turn impacts the management fee that the Company is entitled to. Billing rates are reviewed at least annually and adjusted based on current insurer reimbursement practices. The performance obligation is satisfied as the management services are provided.

Our contracts for practice management services have approximately an additional 20 years remaining and are only cancellable under very limited circumstances. The Company receives a management fee each month for managing the day-to-day business operations of each medical group as a fixed fee or a percentage payment of the net operating income which is included in revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Our practice management services obligations consist of a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same periodic pattern of transfer to our customers. Revenue is recognized over time, however for reporting and convenience purposes, the management fee is computed at each month end.

Information about contract balances:

The contract assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets represent the revenue associated with the amounts we estimate our revenue cycle management clients will ultimately collect associated with the services they have provided and the relative fee we charge associated with those collections, together with amounts related to the group purchasing services. As of March 31, 2021, the estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to the remaining revenue cycle management performance obligations outstanding was approximately $4.1 million. We expect to recognize substantially all of the revenue for the remaining performance obligations over the next three months. Approximately $227,000 of the contract asset represents revenue earned, not paid, from the group purchasing services.

Accounts receivable are shown separately at their net realizable value in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Amounts that we are entitled to collect under the applicable contract are recorded as accounts receivable. Invoicing is performed at the end of each month when the services have been provided. The contract asset results from our revenue cycle management services and is due to the timing of revenue recognition, submission of claims from our customers and payments from the insurance providers. The contract asset includes our right to payment for services already transferred to a customer when the right to payment is conditional on something other than the passage of time. For example, contracts for revenue cycle management services where we recognize revenue over time but do not have a contractual right to payment until the customer receives payment of their claim from the insurance provider. The contract asset also includes the revenue accrued, not received, for the group purchasing services.

The contract asset was approximately $4.4 million and $2.9 million as of March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Changes in the contract asset are recorded as adjustments to net revenue. The changes primarily result from providing services to revenue cycle management customers that result in additional consideration and are offset by our right to payment for services becoming unconditional and changes in the revenue accrued for the group purchasing services. The contract asset for our group purchasing services is reduced when we receive payments from vaccine manufacturers and is increased for revenue earned, not received. Deferred revenue represents sign-up fees received from customers that are amortized over three years. The opening and closing balances of the Company’s accounts receivable, contract asset and deferred revenue are as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

Deferred commissions:

Our sales incentive plans include commissions payable to employees and third parties at the time of initial contract execution that are capitalized as incremental costs to obtain a contract. The capitalized commissions are amortized over the period the related services are transferred. As we do not offer commissions on contract renewals, we have determined the amortization period to be the estimated client life which is three years for contracts entered into by CCH. Deferred commissions were approximately $1.0 million and $411,000 at March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and are included in the other assets amounts in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

In April 2014, the Company adopted the Medical Transcription Billing, Corp. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”), reserving 1,351,000 shares of common stock for grants to employees, officers, directors and consultants. During 2017, the 2014 Plan was amended and restated whereby an additional 1,500, 000 shares of common stock and 100,000 shares of Preferred Stock were added to the plan for future issuance. The 2014 Plan was amended and restated on April 14, 2017 (the “Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan”). During 2018, an additional 200,000 of preferred shares were added to the plan for future issuance. In May 2020, an additional 2,000,000 shares of common stock and 300,000 shares of Preferred Stock were added to the plan for future issuance. As of March 31, 2021, 1,327,937 shares of common stock and 332,153 shares of Preferred Stock are available for grant. Permissible awards include incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, RSUs, performance stock and cash-settled awards and other stock-based awards in the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors including unrestricted stock grants.

The equity-based RSUs contain a provision in which the units shall immediately vest and become converted into common shares at the rate of one share per RSU, immediately after a change in control, as defined in the award agreement. The preferred stock RSUs contain a similar provision, which vest and convert to Preferred Stock upon a change in control.

Common and preferred stock RSUs

In January 2021, the Compensation Committee approved executive bonuses to be paid in shares of Preferred Stock, with the number of shares and the amount based on specified criteria being achieved during the year 2021. The actual amount will be settled in early 2022 based on the achievement of the specified criteria. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, an expense of approximately $154,000, was recorded for these bonuses based on the value of the shares at the grant date and recognized over the service period. The portion of the stock compensation expense to be used for the payment of withholding and payroll taxes is included in accrued compensation in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The balance of the stock compensation expense has been recorded as additional paid-in capital.

The following table summarizes the RSU transactions related to the common and preferred stock under the Equity Incentive Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

Of the total outstanding and unvested common stock RSUs at March 31, 2021, 532,987 RSUs are classified as equity and 13,000 RSUs are classified as a liability. All of the preferred stock RSUs are classified as equity.

Stock-based compensation expense

The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the total requisite service period for the entire award. For stock awards classified as equity, the market price of our common stock or preferred stock on the date of grant is used in recording the fair value of the award and includes the related taxes. For stock awards classified as a liability, the earned amount is marked to market based on the end of period common stock price. The liability for the cash-settled awards was approximately $320,000 and $976,000 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and is included in accrued compensation in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following table summarizes the components of share-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

The income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was approximately $1,000, comprised of a current tax expense of $35,000 and a deferred tax benefit of $36,000.

The current income tax provision for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 primarily relates to state minimum taxes and foreign income taxes. The deferred tax (benefit) provision for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 relates to the book and tax difference of amortization on indefinite-lived intangibles, primarily goodwill. To the extent allowable, the federal tax provision has been offset by the indefinite life net operating loss.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act was signed into law. Several new corporate tax provisions were included in the CARES Act, including, but not limited to, the following: increasing the limitation threshold for determining deductible interest expense, class life changes to qualified improvements (in general - from 39 years to 15 years), and the ability to carry back net operating losses incurred from tax years 2018 through 2020 up to the five preceding tax years. The Company has evaluated the income tax provisions of the CARES Act and determined the impact to be either immaterial or not applicable. Under the CARES Act, the Company took advantage of the payroll tax deferral provision. As of both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company has deferred approximately $1.9 million of payroll taxes.

The Company has incurred cumulative losses which make realization of a deferred tax asset difficult to support in accordance with ASC 740. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been recorded against the Federal and state deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

As of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the carrying amounts of accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximated their estimated fair values because of the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

Fair value measurements-Level 2

Our notes payable are carried at cost and approximate fair value since the interest rates being charged approximate market rates. As a result, the Company categorizes these borrowings as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Contingent Consideration

The Company’s contingent consideration is a Level 3 liability. The fair value of the contingent consideration is primarily driven by changes in revenue estimates related to acquisitions, the passage of time and the associated discount rate. As of December 31, 2020, the contingent consideration liability was fully settled and there was no additional contingent consideration during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the contingent consideration measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

Both our Chief Executive Officer and Executive Chairman serve as the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), organize the Company, manage resource allocations and measure performance among two operating and reportable segments: (i) Healthcare IT and (ii) Practice Management.

The Healthcare IT segment includes revenue cycle management, SaaS solutions and other services. The Practice Management segment includes the management of three medical practices. Each segment is considered a reporting unit. The CODM evaluates financial performance of the business units on the basis of revenue and direct operating costs excluding unallocated amounts, which are mainly corporate overhead costs. Our CODM does not evaluate operating segments using asset or liability information. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2021. The following tables present revenues, operating expenses and operating (loss) income by reportable segment:

As discussed in Note 8, during April 2021 the Company settled a civil investigation substantially within the range of the funds held in escrow.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a discussion of our condensed consolidated financial condition and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, and other factors that are expected to affect our prospective financial condition. The following discussion and analysis should be read together with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes beginning on page 4 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Some of the statements set forth in this section are forward-looking statements relating to our future results of operations. Our actual results may vary from the results anticipated by these statements. Please see “Forward-Looking Statements” on page 2 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

COVID-19 Pandemic

In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China. Since then, SARS-CoV-2, and the resulting disease COVID-19, has spread to most countries, and all 50 states within the United States. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. Further, the former President of the United States declared the COVID-19 pandemic a national emergency, invoking powers under the Stafford Act, the legislation that directs federal emergency disaster response, and under the Defense Production Act, the legislation that facilitates the production of goods and services necessary for national security and for other purposes. Numerous governmental jurisdictions, including the State of New Jersey where we maintain our principal executive offices, and those in which many of our U.S. and international offices are based, have imposed, and others in the future may impose, “shelter-in-place” orders, quarantines, executive orders and similar government orders and restrictions for their residents to control the spread of COVID-19. Most states and the federal government, including the State of New Jersey, together with foreign jurisdictions in which we have operations centers, have declared a state of emergency related to the spread of COVID-19.

While the COVID-19 pandemic did not materially adversely affect the Company’s consolidated financial results and operations in the quarter ended March 31, 2021, economic and health conditions in the United States and across most of the globe continue to change. The Company has expanded its telehealth operations, which is an alternative to office visits. However, not all physicians are using telehealth and not to the same extent as previous office visits.

The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the Company’s operations in the first quarter, and may continue to do so indefinitely thereafter. The pandemic may have an impact on the Company’s business, operations, and financial results and conditions, directly and indirectly, including, without limitation, impacts on the health of the Company’s management and employees, its operations, marketing and sales activities, and on the overall economy. The spread of the virus did not adversely affect the health and availability of our employees and staff. The scope and nature of these impacts, most of which are beyond the Company’s control, continue to evolve and the outcomes are uncertain.

Due to the above circumstances and as described generally in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company’s consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year. The Company is not aware of any certain event or circumstance that would require an update to its estimates or judgements or a revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities as of the date of issuance of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These estimates could change in the future as new information about future developments is obtained. Management cannot predict the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s consolidated operations nor on economic conditions generally, including the effects on patient visits. The ultimate extent of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company is highly uncertain and will depend on highly unpredictable factors such as the ultimate geographic spread of the disease, the severity of the disease, the duration of outbreak, and the effectiveness of any further developments globally and nationally. The Company will actively monitor the situation and take further action that is in the best interest of our employees, customers, partners, and stockholders. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” below for additional details.

Overview

CareCloud, Inc. (“CareCloud” and together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company”, “we”, “us” and/or “our”) is a healthcare information technology company that provides a full suite of proprietary cloud-based solutions, together with related business services, to healthcare providers and hospitals throughout the United States. Our Software-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) platform includes revenue cycle management (“RCM”), practice management (“PM”), electronic health record (“EHR”), business intelligence, telehealth, patient experience management (“PXM”) solutions and complementary software tools and business services for high-performance medical groups and health systems.

At a high level, these solutions can be categorized as follows:

Our solutions enable clients to increase financial and operational performance, streamline clinical workflows, get better insight through data, and make better business and clinical decisions, resulting in improvement in patient care and collections while reducing administrative burdens and operating costs.

The modernization of the healthcare industry is transforming nearly every aspect of a healthcare organization from policy to providers; clinical care to member services, devices to data, and ultimately the quality of the patient’s experience as a healthcare consumer. We create elegant, user-friendly applications that solve many of the challenges facing healthcare organizations. We partner with organizations to develop customized, best-in-class solutions to solve their specific challenges while ensuring they also meet future regulatory and organizational requirements and market demands.

We are able to deliver our industry-leading solutions at very competitive prices because we leverage a combination of our proprietary software, which automates our workflows and increases efficiency, together with our team of approximately 600 experienced health industry experts throughout the United States. These experts are supported by our highly educated and specialized offshore workforce of approximately 3,200 team members at labor costs that we believe are approximately one-tenth the cost of comparable U.S. employees. Our unique business model also allowed us to become a leading consolidator in our industry sector, gaining us a reputation for acquiring and positively transforming distressed competitors into profitable operations of CareCloud.

Adoption of our RCM solutions typically requires little or no upfront expenditure by a client. Additionally, for most of our solutions and customers, our financial performance is linked directly to the financial performance of our clients, as the vast majority of our revenues are based on a percentage of our clients’ collections. The fees we charge for our complete, integrated, end-to-end solution are very competitive and among the lowest in the industry. We estimate that we currently provide services to more than 40,000 providers, (which we define as physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants and other clinical staff that render bills for their services) practicing in approximately 2,600 independent medical practices and hospitals representing 80 specialties and subspecialties in 50 states. In addition, we serve approximately 200 clients which are not medical practices, but are primarily service organizations who serve the healthcare community. The foregoing numbers include clients leveraging any of our products or services, and are based, in part, upon estimates where the precise number of practices or providers is unknown.

We service clients ranging from small practices, consisting of one to ten providers, to large practices with over 2,000 providers operating in multiple states, to community hospitals.

On January 8, 2020, through a merger with a subsidiary, the Company acquired CareCloud Corporation, a Delaware corporation which was subsequently renamed CareCloud Health, Inc (“CCH”), which has developed a highly acclaimed cloud-based platform including EHR, PM and patient experience capabilities. The Company paid $11.9 million in cash, assumed a working capital deficiency of approximately $5.1 million and issued 760,000 shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock and two million warrants for the purchase of the Company’s common stock at prices of $7.50 for two years and $10.00 per share for three years.

On June 16, 2020, the Company purchased all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Meridian Billing Management Co. and its affiliate Origin Holdings, Inc. (collectively “Meridian” and sometimes referred to as “Meridian Medical Management”), a former GE Healthcare IT company that delivers advanced healthcare information technology solutions and services. The Company paid $11.9 million in cash, issued 200,000 shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 2,250,000 of the Company’s common stock with an exercise price per share of $7.50 for two years and assumed Meridian’s negative working capital and certain long-term lease liabilities where the space is either not being utilized or will be vacated shortly, with an aggregate value of approximately $4.8 million.

Our offshore operations in Pakistan and Sri Lanka accounted for approximately 12% and 11% of total expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. A significant portion of those foreign expenses were personnel-related costs (approximately 80% for both the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020). Because personnel-related costs are significantly lower in Pakistan and Sri Lanka than in the U.S. and many other offshore locations, we believe our offshore operations give us a competitive advantage over many industry participants. We are able to achieve significant cost reductions as leverage technology to reduce manual work and strategically transition a portion of the remaining manual tasks to our highly-specialized, cost-efficient team in the U.S., Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

Key Performance Measures

We consider numerous factors in assessing our performance. Key performance measures used by management, including adjusted EBITDA, adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income and adjusted net income per share, are non-GAAP financial measures, which we believe better enable management and investors to analyze and compare the underlying business results from period to period.

These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Moreover, these non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in that they do not reflect all the items associated with the operations of our business as determined in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by analyzing current and future results on a GAAP basis as well as a non-GAAP basis, and we provide reconciliations from the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures to the non-GAAP financial measures. Our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures differently than we do, limiting the usefulness of those measures for comparative purposes.

Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted net income and adjusted net income per share provide an alternative view of performance used by management and we believe that an investor’s understanding of our performance is enhanced by disclosing these adjusted performance measures.

Adjusted EBITDA excludes the following elements which are included in GAAP net income (loss):

Set forth below is a presentation of our adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

Adjusted operating income and adjusted operating margin exclude the following elements which are included in GAAP operating income (loss):

Set forth below is a presentation of our adjusted operating income and adjusted operating margin, which represents adjusted operating income as a percentage of net revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

Adjusted net income and adjusted net income per share exclude the following elements which are included in GAAP net income (loss):

No tax effect has been provided in computing non-GAAP adjusted net income and non-GAAP adjusted net income per share as the Company has sufficient carry forward net operating losses to offset the applicable income taxes. The following table shows our reconciliation of GAAP net loss to non-GAAP adjusted net income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

Set forth below is a reconciliation of our GAAP net loss attributable to common shareholders, per share to our non-GAAP adjusted net income per share:

For purposes of determining non-GAAP adjusted earnings per share, the Company used the number of common shares outstanding at the end of March 31, 2021 and 2020. Non-GAAP adjusted diluted earnings per share was computed using an as-converted method and includes warrants that are in-the-money as of that date as well as outstanding unvested RSUs. Non-GAAP adjusted earnings per share and non-GAAP adjusted diluted earnings per share do not take into account dividends paid on Preferred Stock. No tax effect has been provided in computing non-GAAP adjusted earnings per share and non-GAAP adjusted diluted earnings per share as the Company has sufficient carry forward net operating losses to offset the applicable income taxes.

Key Metrics

In addition to the line items in our condensed consolidated financial statements, we regularly review the following metrics. We believe information on these metrics is useful for investors to understand the underlying trends in our business.

Providers and Practices Served: As of March 31, 2021, we provided services to an estimated universe of more than 40,000 providers (which we define as physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants and other clinical staff that render bills for their services), representing approximately 2,600 independent medical practices and hospitals. In addition, we served approximately 200 clients who were not medical practices, but are service organizations who serve the healthcare community. The foregoing numbers include clients leveraging any of our products or services and are based in part upon estimates in cases where the precise number of practices or providers is unknown.

Sources of Revenue

Revenue: We primarily derive our revenues from revenue cycle management services and bundled services, reported in our Healthcare IT segment, which is typically billed as a percentage of payments collected by our customers. This fee includes RCM, as well as the ability to use our EHR and practice management software as part of the bundled fee. These bundled fees are included in revenue cycle management revenue. These services accounted for approximately 65% and 60% of our revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Software-as-a-service fees, for clients not utilizing revenue cycle management services, accounted for approximately 18% and 17% of revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Other Healthcare IT services, including printing and mailing operations and professional services, represented approximately 8% and 9% of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

We earned approximately 9% and 14% of our revenue from practice management services during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. This revenue represents fees based on our actual costs plus a percentage of the operating profit and is reported in our Practice Management segment.

Operating Expenses

Direct Operating Costs. Direct operating cost consists primarily of salaries and benefits related to personnel who provide services to our customers, claims processing costs, costs to operate the three managed practices, including facility lease costs, supplies, insurance and other direct costs related to our services. Costs associated with the implementation of new customers are expensed as incurred. The reported amounts of direct operating costs do not include depreciation and amortization, which are broken out separately in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Selling and Marketing Expense. Selling and marketing expense consists primarily of compensation and benefits, commissions, travel and advertising expenses.

General and Administrative Expense. General and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel-related expense for administrative employees, including compensation, benefits, travel, facility lease costs and insurance, software license fees and outside professional fees.

Research and Development Expense. Research and development expense consists primarily of personnel-related costs and third-party contractor costs.

Contingent Consideration. Contingent consideration represents the portion of consideration payable to the sellers of some of our acquisitions, the amount of which is based on the achievement of defined performance measures contained in the purchase agreements. Contingent consideration is adjusted to fair value at the end of each reporting period.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense. Depreciation expense is charged using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of the assets ranging from three to five years. Amortization expense is charged on either an accelerated or on a straight-line basis over a period of three or four years for most intangible assets acquired in connection with acquisitions including those intangibles related to the group purchasing services. Amortization expense related to the value of our practice management clients is amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of twelve years.

Impairment and Unoccupied Lease Charges. Impairment charges represent charges recorded for a leased facility no longer being used by the Company and a non-cancellable vendor contract where the services are no longer being used. Unoccupied lease charges represent the portion of lease and related costs for vacant space not being utilized by the Company. The Company is marketing both the unused facility and the unused space for sub-lease.

Interest and Other Income (Expense). Interest expense consists primarily of interest costs related to our line of credit, term loans and amounts due in connection with acquisitions, offset by interest income. Other income (expense) results primarily from foreign currency transaction gains (losses) and income earned from temporary cash investments.

Income Tax. In preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements, we estimate income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and financial reporting purposes. These differences result in deferred income tax assets and liabilities. Although the Company is forecasting a return to profitability, it incurred losses historically and there is uncertainty regarding future U.S. taxable income, which makes realization of a deferred tax asset difficult to support in accordance with ASC 740. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been recorded against all deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The critical accounting policies and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements that we believe affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements presented in this Report are described in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Leases:

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, operating lease liability (current portion) and operating lease liability (noncurrent portion) in our condensed consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The Company does not have any finance leases.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term.

We use our estimated incremental borrowing rates, which are derived from information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. We give consideration to bank financing arrangements, geographical location and collateralization of assets when calculating our incremental borrowing rates.

Our lease term includes options to extend the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Leases with a term of less than 12 months are not recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees. For real estate leases, we account for the leased and non-leased components as a single lease component. Some leases include escalation clauses and termination options that are factored into the determination of the future lease payments when appropriate.

Capitalized software costs:

All of our software is considered internal use for accounting purposes, as we do not market or sell our software. As a result, we capitalize certain costs associated with the creation of internally-developed software for internal use. The total of these costs is recorded in Intangible assets - net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We capitalized costs incurred during the application development stage related to our internal use software. Costs incurred during the application development phase are capitalized only when we believe it is probable that the development will result in new or additional functionality. The types of costs capitalized during the application development phase consist of employee compensation, employee benefits and employee stock- based compensation. Costs related to the preliminary project stage and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred. Capitalized internal-use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life when the asset has been placed in service for general availability.

Significant judgments related to internally-developed software include determining whether it is probable that projects will result in new or additional functionality; concluding on when the application development phase starts and ends; and deciding which costs, especially employee compensation costs, should be capitalized. Additionally, there is judgment applied to the useful lives of capitalized software; we have concluded that the useful lives for capitalized internally-developed software is three years.

Company management employs its best estimates and assumptions in determining the appropriateness of the judgments noted above on a project-by-project basis during initial capitalization as well as subsequent measurement. While we believe that our approach to estimates and judgments is reasonable, actual results could differ, and such differences could lead to an increase or decrease in expense.

As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the carrying amounts of internally-developed capitalized software was $6.8 million and $5.5 million, respectively. The increase in the capitalized software costs represents the continued investment in proprietary technology.

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates from those described in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on February 25, 2021.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth our consolidated results of operations as a percentage of total revenue for the periods shown:

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

Net Revenue. Net revenue of $29.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, increased by $7.9 million or 36% from net revenue of $21.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021 includes approximately $17.2 million from customers acquired in the CCH and Meridian acquisitions. Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021 includes $19.4 million relating to RCM and bundled services, $5.3 million related to SaaS services and $2.7 million for practice management services.